scholarly journals Sodium, Arterial Stiffness, and Cardiovascular Mortality in Hypertensive Rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
N MERCIER ◽  
C LABAT ◽  
H LOUIS ◽  
V CATTAN ◽  
A BENETOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Hypertensive Rats

MO570PULSE PRESSURE: A PREDICTOR OF CARDIOVASCULAR CALCIFICATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Merita Rroji (Molla) ◽  
Saimir Seferi ◽  
Majlinda Cafka ◽  
Erjola Likaj ◽  
Vilma Cadri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Elevated Systolic Blood Pressure

Abstract Background and Aims The mortality rate is extremely high in chronic kidney disease (CKD), primarily due to the high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Increased pulse pressure (PP), defined as the difference between inappropriately elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) and reduced diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at any value of mean arterial pressure (MAP), is a surrogate measure of increased arterial stiffness of central elastic arteries (aorta and its major branches). CKD-MBD anomalies leading to calcification contribute to increased arterial stiffness and pulse pressure. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of pulse pressure parameter with valve calcification and abdominal aortic calcification in hemodialysis patients and its impact on cardiovascular mortality. Method We performed a prospective case series study with 3 years follow- up. Plain X-ray images of the lateral lumbar spine from all subjects were studied to obtain images of the lower abdominal aorta using semiquantitative scores as described by Kauppila et al. Cardiac valve calcifications were evaluated by two-dimensional echocardiography with an HDI 5000 Sono CT echocardiographic machine with a 3.3-MHz multiphase array probe in subjects lying in the left decubitus position an according to the recommendations of the European Association of Echocardiography. The patient was evaluated as having vascular calcification if he had the presence of calcification in at least one of the site examined: a mitral valve, aortic valve or abdominal aorta. Results We studied 85 chronic stable hemodialysis patients. Mean age and meantime is therapy was 49.9±12.4 years and 51.5±28.7 months, respectively. Mean pulse pressure was 55.72±14.2 mmHg. Fifty-nine patients (69.4%) were identified with aortic abdominal calcification, and the mean Kauppila score was 4.91 ± 4.05. Sixty patients (70.5%) had at least one valve calcified, while thirty-three patients (38.8%) had both valves calcified. Univariate analysis revealed that every 1 mmHg increase in pulse pressure was associated with increased cardiovascular calcification risk p=0.020. In multivariate analysis, after adjustment for age, gender, diabetes mellitus, cholesterol, and triglyceride serum levels, the association also remained strong, where every increase of 1 mm Hg in pulse pressure was associated with increased risk for cardiovascular calcification (HR 1.02, 95% CI (1.00-1.03), p= 0.038). Besides, pulse pressure was an independent predictor for cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.03, 95% CI (1.02-1.05), p=0.002). Conclusion Pulse pressure may identify hemodialysis patients with subclinical cardiovascular calcification who need further evaluation. Wide pulse pressure is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality.

scholarly journals Identification of Aortic Proteins Involved in Arterial Stiffness in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Treated With Perindopril:A Proteomic Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danyelle S. Miotto ◽  
Aline Dionizio ◽  
André M. Jacomini ◽  
Anderson S. Zago ◽  
Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Rho Kinase ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Cytoskeleton Organization ◽  
Proteomic Approach

Arterial stiffness, frequently associated with hypertension, is associated with disorganization of the vascular wall and has been recognized as an independent predictor of all-cause mortality. The identification of the molecular mechanisms involved in aortic stiffness would be an emerging target for hypertension therapeutic intervention. This study evaluated the effects of perindopril on pulse wave velocity (PWV) and on the differentially expressed proteins in aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), using a proteomic approach. SHR and Wistar rats were treated with perindopril (SHRP) or water (SHRc and Wistar rats) for 8 weeks. At the end, SHRC presented higher systolic blood pressure (SBP, +70%) and PWV (+31%) compared with Wistar rats. SHRP had higher values of nitrite concentration and lower PWV compared with SHRC. From 21 upregulated proteins in the aortic wall from SHRC, most of them were involved with the actin cytoskeleton organization, like Tropomyosin and Cofilin-1. After perindopril treatment, there was an upregulation of the GDP dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which normally inhibits the RhoA/Rho-kinase/cofilin-1 pathway and may contribute to decreased arterial stiffening. In conclusion, the results of the present study revealed that treatment with perindopril reduced SBP and PWV in SHR. In addition, the proteomic analysis in aorta suggested, for the first time, that the RhoA/Rho-kinase/Cofilin-1 pathway may be inhibited by perindopril-induced upregulation of GDIs or increases in NO bioavailability in SHR. Therefore, we may propose that activation of GDIs or inhibition of RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway could be a possible strategy to treat arterial stiffness.

scholarly journals Sex-specific genetic determinants for arterial stiffness in Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats

BMC Genetics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius L. Decano ◽  
Khristine A. Pasion ◽  
Nicole Black ◽  
Nicholas J. Giordano ◽  
Victoria L. Herrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Hypertensive Rats

scholarly journals The consequence of arterial stiffness parameters to predict the cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients: a prospective cohort study

2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (18) ◽  
pp. 741-748
Author(s):  
Taha El Hadj Othmane ◽  
István Kiss ◽  
János Nemcsik ◽  
Cs. Bertalan Fekete ◽  
György Deák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients

Korábbi vizsgálatok eredményei alapján az érfali tágulékonyság paraméterei összefüggést mutatnak a cardiovascularis mortalitással hemodializált betegekben. A különböző paraméterek relatív prognosztikus értékét ugyanakkor egy közös kohorszban eddig nem vizsgálták. Módszer: Dialízis előtt és után 98 betegnél mértük a carotis-femoralis pulzushullám terjedési sebességét, a carotis augmentációs indexét, a carotis pulzusnyomását és a carotis-brachialis pulzusnyomás amplifikációját. A betegeket 29 hónapig (medián) (tartomány 1–35) követtük, majd a cardiovascularis mortalitás és a kiinduláskor mért tágulékonysági paraméterek közötti összefüggést vizsgáltuk log-rank tesztek, illetve a korhoz, diabeteshez és korábban meglévő cardiovascularis megbetegedéshez illesztett Cox-féle regressziós modellek alkalmazásával. Eredmények: A követés alatt 40 beteg halt meg (mortalitási ráta 20,7/100 betegév), köztük 25-en cardiovascularis ok következtében. A dialízis előtt és után mért pulzushullám-terjedési sebességet tercilisei, illetve a dialízis előtt mért pulzusnyomás-amplifikáció tercilise szignifikáns összefüggést mutattak a cardiovascularis mortalitással (log-rank p-értékek 0,012 és 0,011 a pre- és posztdialízis pulzushullám-terjedési sebesség, illetve <0,001 és 0,321 a pre- és posztdialízis pulzusnyomás-amplifikáció esetén). Az augmentációs indexek, illetve a carotispulzusnyomás-értékek nem álltak összefüggésben a cardiovascularis mortalitással. Cox-modellben az 1 m/s-mal gyorsabb pre- és posztdialízis pulzushullám-terjedési sebességéhez tartozó relatív rizikó 1,24 (1,07–1,44) és 1,17 (1,06–1,28) volt. 10%-kal kisebb predialízispulzusnyomás-amplifikációval járó rizikónövekedés 41% (3–92%) volt. Egy közös modellben vizsgálva mind a predialízispulzushullám-terjedési sebesség, mind a pulzusnyomás-amplifikáció szignifikáns összefüggést mutatott a cardiovascularis túléléssel [relatív rizikó: 1,23 (1,07–1,42) és 1,39 (1,02–1,89)]. Következtetés: Hemodializált betegekben az érfali tágulékonyságot leíró különböző paraméterek közül a pulzushullám-terjedési sebesség a mérés idejétől független, konzekvens összefüggést mutat a cardiovascularis mortalitással. Ugyanakkor a predialízispulzusnyomás-amplifikációs érték további prognosztikus információt hordoz.

Arterial Stiffness in Hemodialysis: Which Parameter to Measure to Predict Cardiovascular Mortality?

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taha El Hadj Othmane ◽  
J&aacute;nos Nemcsik ◽  
Bertalan Cs. Fekete ◽  
Gy&ouml;rgy De&aacute;k ◽  
J&oacute;zsef Egresits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality

scholarly journals Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Mortality in the Dublin Outcome Study

Hypertension ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eamon Dolan ◽  
Lutgarde Thijs ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Neil Atkins ◽  
Patricia McCormack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Outcome Study ◽  
Arterial Stiffness Index

Endovascular treatment of peripheral artery disease is associated with improved central hemodynamics and ventricular function

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Messiha ◽  
L Halfmann ◽  
O Azizy ◽  
M Steinmetz ◽  
T Rassaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Peripheral Artery Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Central Hemodynamics ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a major manifestation of atherosclerosis and a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. PAD itself is associated with increased arterial stiffness with impact on cardiac functions. Previous studies have demonstrated that augmentation index (AIx) and central blood pressure (CBP) correlate with increased cardiovascular mortality. This mechanism has been described as arterio-ventricular (AV) coupling with altered ventricular afterload and a depressed ventricular function, measured by global longitudinal strain (GLS). The impact of PAD-related endovascular treatment on arterial stiffness, central hemodynamics and potential impact on AV coupling has not been elucidated until now. Purpose Aim of the study was to investigate, if endovascular treatment of PAD improves cardiac function via enhanced central hemodynamics and AV coupling. Methods To this aim 77 patients with known symptomatic PAD who underwent interventions in the iliac and femoropopliteal arteries were included in a cross-sectional study. AIx, CBP and GLS were determined using dedicated waveform analysis and echocardiography before and after endovascular treatment. Results Mean age was 65.1±10.4 years with 66.2% male patients. Symptoms were classified by Fontaine classification (stage IIb 80.7%, stage III 5.8% and stage IV 13.5%). Iliac vessel intervention was performed in 16 and femoropopliteal intervention in 61 cases. A stentless approach was feasible in 55 patients with DCB treatment and atherectomy. After endovascular treatment, peripheral perfusion was enhanced (ABI 0.45±0.6 vs 0.81±0.5, p&lt;0.0001). Moreover, central hemodynamics were improved (AIX 33.7±3% vs 27.9±2%, p=0.0008; AP 17.8±2 mmHg vs 14.0±2 mmHg, p=0.0004; central PP 52.4±6 mmHg vs 46.4±6 mmHg, p=0.0001). Impressively, left ventricular function was also significantly improved (GLS −15.7±2.3% vs −17.1±2.8%, p=0.005) with an improvement in AV coupling (PWV/GLS ratio −0.58m/sec% vs −0.56m/sec%, p&lt;0.01). Conclusion Our results demonstrate that endovascular treatment of the peripheral vessels is associated with an improvement of central hemodynamics and left ventricular function via enhanced AV coupling. These prognostic relevant markers of cardiovascular disease could point to an overall potential mortality benefit through PAD treatment. Further investigation of the underlying mechanisms of AV coupling in the setting of endovascular treatment of PAD with impact on cardiovascular mortality is needed in this high-risk population. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Abstract W P135: Pulse Wave Velocity is a Predictor of Mortality in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinkwon Kim ◽  
Tae-Jin Song ◽  
Ki-Jeong Lee ◽  
Eun Hye Kim ◽  
Dongbeom Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction: Arterial stiffness increases with aging, but is also suggested as a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis and a predictor of cardiovascular events. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velosity (baPWV) is a simple and non-invasive tool for measurement of arterial stiffness. Hypothesis: Measurement of baPWV in acute phase of stroke may have a prognostic value to predict all-cause and cardiovascular death. Methods: This was a hospital-based, retrospective observational study. We included patients who had admitted for acute ischemic stroke and undergone baPWV measurement. Date and causes of death were obtained from the database of the Korean National Statistical Office. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality after stroke onset was compared across to the tertile groups of baPWV. Results: Of included 1696 patients, mean age was 64.5 ± 12.5 years and male was 60.7 %. Mean value of baPWV was 21.04 ± 6.31 m/sec. During mean follow-up period of 1.91 ± 1.27 years, there were 126 all-cause deaths including 85 cardiovascular deaths. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated an increased risk for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with higher baPWV (Figure). In multivariate Cox regression, patients in the highest tertile of baPWV (T3; >22.54 m/sec) were at increased risks for all-cause death [HR 1.95, 95% CI 1.13-3.36, p=0.017] and cardiovascular death [HR 2.18, 95% CI 1.11-4.25, p=0.023] compared to the lowest tertile (T1; <17.78 m/sec). Conclusions: This study suggested that measurement of baPWV during acute phase of stroke might be used to identify patients at a higher risk for long-term mortality.

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