scholarly journals Stromal Androgen Receptor Roles in the Development of Normal Prostate, Benign Prostate Hyperplasia, and Prostate Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 185 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeng Wen ◽  
Hong-Chiang Chang ◽  
Jing Tian ◽  
Zhiqun Shang ◽  
Yuanjie Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Benign Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Benign Prostate

scholarly journals Prostate Stem Cells in the Development of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer: Emerging Role and Concepts

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Prajapati ◽  
Sharad Gupta ◽  
Bhavesh Mistry ◽  
Sarita Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Benign Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Regulatory Factors ◽  
Prostate Cells ◽  
Hormonal Imbalance ◽  
Benign Prostate ◽  
Insight Into

Benign Prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) are the most common prostatic disorders affecting elderly men. Multiple factors including hormonal imbalance, disruption of cell proliferation, apoptosis, chronic inflammation, and aging are thought to be responsible for the pathophysiology of these diseases. Both BPH and PCa are considered to be arisen from aberrant proliferation of prostate stem cells. Recent studies on BPH and PCa have provided significant evidence for the origin of these diseases from stem cells that share characteristics with normal prostate stem cells. Aberrant changes in prostate stem cell regulatory factors may contribute to the development of BPH or PCa. Understanding these regulatory factors may provide insight into the mechanisms that convert quiescent adult prostate cells into proliferating compartments and lead to BPH or carcinoma. Ultimately, the knowledge of the unique prostate stem or stem-like cells in the pathogenesis and development of hyperplasia will facilitate the development of new therapeutic targets for BPH and PCa. In this review, we address recent progress towards understanding the putative role and complexities of stem cells in the development of BPH and PCa.

scholarly journals The prediction of Prostate Cancer Based on Normal Digital Rectal Examination and Normal Prostate Specific Antigen in Clinical Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 3760-3763
Author(s):  
Zuhirman Zamzami
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Benign Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Prostate Enlargement ◽  
Benign Prostate

Purpose: To evaluate the prediction of prostate cancer based on normal digital examination (DRE) and normal prostate specific antigen (PSA) in clinical Benign Prostate Hyperplasia. Materials and Methods: We reviewed medical records of prostate cancer in prostate enlargement patients with urinary retension underwent transurethral resection of the prostate  (TURP) based on  normal DRE, and normal PSA in Arifin Achmad Regional General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Riau Province, Indonesia in January 2010 – Desember 2016. Statistical analysis of univariate was used. Approval on the study was obtained from the Ethical Review Board for Medicine and Health Research, Medical Faculty, University of Riau. Results: There were 644 prostate enlargement patients with urinary retension underwent TURP) in this study in which mostly (51%) in 60-69 year age group,  Most (69.7%) DRE were normal and PSA levels of ≤ 4 ng/ml  were in 122 (19%) patients. There were 19 (18.5%) prostate cancer in patients with normal DRE and PSA. Conclusion: We found there were 19 (18.5%) prostate cancers in prostate enlargement patients with normal DRE and PSA findings as the prediction.

scholarly journals The Association between Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection and The Risk of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia, Prostate Cancer, and Bladder Cancer in Patients: A Nationwide Population-Based Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Yi Yang ◽  
Ruei-Yu Su ◽  
Chi-Hsiang Chung ◽  
Kuo-Yang Huang ◽  
Wu-Chien Chien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Benign Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Benign Prostate ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Introduction: Trichomonas vaginalis infection is one of the most widespread sexually transmitted infections in the world. There are approximately 276 million cases worldwide. Most men remain undiagnosed and untreated because they are asymptomatic. The chronic inflammation induced by persistent infection may increase the risk of developing genitourinary cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between trichomoniasis and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), prostate cancer (PCa), and bladder cancer (BC) in Taiwan.Material and method: We designed a case-control study by using the database of the National Health Insurance program in Taiwan. We used the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision classifications to classify all the medical conditions in the case and control groups. All odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression to adjust for all comorbidities and variables.Result: From 2000 to 2015, we enrolled a total of 62,544 individuals as the case group and 187,632 as the control group. Trichomoniasis exposure had a significant association with BPH and PCa (adjusted OR: BPH = 2.685, 95% CI = 1.233–4.286, P = 0.013; PCa = 5.801, 95% CI = 1.296–26.035, P = 0.016). The relative risk was much higher if patients had both trichomoniasis and depression (adjusted OR = 7.682, 95% CI = 5.730–9.451, P < 0.001).Conclusion: Men with trichomoniasis had a significantly higher risk of developing BPH and PCa than those without. Healthcare professionals should not only pay more attention to disease treatment, but also to public health education.

scholarly journals Identification of hub genes and their clinical value for predicting the development of prostate cancer from benign prostate hyperplasia by bioinformatic analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Chen ◽  
Junjie Ma ◽  
Chengdang Xu ◽  
Licheng Wang ◽  
Yicong Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Benign Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Ppi Network ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Hub Gene ◽  
Benign Prostate ◽  
Geo Database

Abstract BackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) are commonly encountered diseases in elderly males. The two diseases have some commonalities: both are growth depend on hormone and respond to antiandrogen therapy. Some studies have shown that genetic factors are responsible for the occurrences of both diseases. There may be a correlation between BPH and PCa. MethodsThe GEO database can help determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between BPH and PCa. Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were utilized to find pathways in which the DEGs were enriched. The STRING database can provide a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, and Cytoscape software can find hub genes in PPI network. GEPIA can be used to analyze expression and survival data for hub genes. R software was used to progress regression analysis, decision curve analysis and built nomograph. UALCAN and The Human Protein Atlas was utilized to test the results. Finally, we made clinical and cell experiments to verify the results.ResultsSixty DEGs, consisting of 15 up-regulated and 45 down-regulated genes, were found based on the GEO database. Using Cytoscape, we found 7 hub gene in the PPI network. The hub gene expression was tested on TCGA database. Except CXCR4, all hub genes expressed differently between tumor and normal samples. Meanwhile, all hub genes exclude CXCR4 has diagnostic value in predicting PCa and their mutations are risk factors leading to PCa. The expression of CSRP1, MYL9 and SNAI2 changed in different tumor stage. CSRP1 and MYH11 could affect the disease-free survival (DFS). The same results reflected in different database. In addition, we also chose three hub gene, MYC, MYL9, and SNAI2, to validate their functions in clinical specimens and cells.ConclusionThese identified hub genes can help us to understand the process and mechanism by which BPH develops into PCa and provide achievable targets for predicting which BPH patients may later develop PCa.

scholarly journals Analysis of Urinary Prostate-Specific Antigen Glycoforms in Samples of Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Jen Hsiao ◽  
Tzong-Shin Tzai ◽  
Chein-Hung Chen ◽  
Wen-Horng Yang ◽  
Chung-Hsuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Benign Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Ion Accumulation ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Benign Prostate

Glycans of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in prostate cancer were found to be different from that in benign disease. It is difficult to analyze heterogeneous PSA glycoforms in each individual specimen because of low protein abundance and the limitation of detection sensitivity. We developed a method for prostate cancer diagnosis based on PSA glycoforms. Specific glycoforms were screened in each clinical sample based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with ion accumulation. To look for potential biomarkers, normalized abundance of each glycoform in benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and in prostate cancer was evaluated. The PSA glycoform, Hex5HexNAc4NeuAc1dHex1, and monosialylated, sialylated, and unfucosylated glycoforms differed significantly between the prostate cancer and BPH samples. The detection sensitivity (87.5%) and specificity (60%) for prostate cancer identification are higher than those of the serum PSA marker. As low as 100 amol PSA could be detected with the ion accumulation method which has not been reported before. The improved detection specificity can help reduce unnecessary examinations.

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