Neuronal Cell Death in the Inner Retina and the Influence of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibition in a Diabetic Rat Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 184 (6) ◽  
pp. 1752-1762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hae-Young Lopilly Park ◽  
Jie Hyun Kim ◽  
Chan Kee Park
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Neuronal Cell Death ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Diabetic Rat Model

1742: Regeneration of the Bladder Acellular Matrix Graft in a Diabetic Rat Model: Effects of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 461-461
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Shiina ◽  
Mohamed E. Youssif ◽  
Leopolda A. Ribeiro-Filho ◽  
Alvaro S. Sarkis ◽  
Mikio Igawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Acellular Matrix ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Diabetic Rat Model

scholarly journals Increased expression of adenosine 2A receptors in metastatic renal cell carcinoma is associated with poorer response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents and anti-PD-1/Anti-CTLA4 antibodies and shorter survival

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Kamai ◽  
Toshiki Kijima ◽  
Toyonori Tsuzuki ◽  
Akinori Nukui ◽  
Hideyuki Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Anti Vegf ◽  
Programmed Cell Death 1 ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Abstract Background Adenosine and its adenosine 2A receptors (A2AR) mediate the immunosuppressive mechanism by which tumors escape immunosurveillance and impede anti-tumor immunity within the tumor microenvironment. However, we do not know whether the adenosine pathway (CD39/CD73/A2AR) plays a role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Therefore, we studied the role of immunosuppression in RCC by assessing the adenosine pathway in patients with RCC treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents or immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) or both. Methods In 60 patients with metastatic RCC, we examined the expression of CD39, CD73, A2AR, and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemically in surgically resected tumor tissues and studied the clinicopathological characteristics of these patients. Patients were treated by cytoreductive nephrectomy with systemic therapy with anti-VEGF agent or a combination of the ICIs anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) antibody and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibody. Results Increased expression of A2AR in the primary tumors was associated with metastatic profiles. Patients treated with anti–PD-1 antibody in monotherapy, a combination of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA4 antibodies, or anti-VEGF agents showed better response and longer overall survival if the primary tumor had higher PD-L1 expression and lower A2AR expression. In Cox multivariate regression analysis, higher expression of A2AR was associated with shorter overall survival. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the expression of A2AR and PD-L1 in the primary tumors in RCC might predict the outcomes of treatment with anti-VEGF agents and ICIs and that the A2AR pathway might be a molecular target for immunotherapy.

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