scholarly journals Long-Term Rescue of Dystrophin Expression and Improvement in Muscle Pathology and Function in Dystrophic mdx Mice by Peptide-Conjugated Morpholino

2012 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wu ◽  
Peijuan Lu ◽  
Caryn Cloer ◽  
Mona Shaban ◽  
Snimar Grewal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Pathology ◽  
Mdx Mice ◽  
Dystrophin Expression ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals CRISPR-mediated Genome Editing Restores Dystrophin Expression and Function in mdx Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xu ◽  
Ki Ho Park ◽  
Lixia Zhao ◽  
Jing Xu ◽  
Mona El Refaey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Mdx Mice ◽  
Dystrophin Expression ◽  
And Function

Loss of dystrophin expression in skeletal muscle is associated with senescence of macrophages and endothelial cells.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura V. Young ◽  
William Morrison ◽  
Craig Campbell ◽  
Emma C. Moore ◽  
Michel G. Arsenault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cellular Senescence ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorder ◽  
Muscle Pathology ◽  
Mdx Mice ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Dystrophic Muscle ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
And Function

Cellular senescence is the irreversible arrest of normally dividing cells and is driven by cell cycle inhibitory proteins such as p16, p21 and p53. When cells enter senescence, they secrete a host of proinflammatory factors known as the senescence associated secretory phenotype which has deleterious effects on surrounding cells and tissues. Little is known of the role of senescence in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), the fatal X-linked neuromuscular disorder typified by chronic inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling and a progressive loss in muscle mass and function. Here, we demonstrate using C57-mdx (8-week-old) and D2-mdx mice (4-week and 8-week-old), two mouse models of DMD, that cells displaying canonical markers of senescence are found within skeletal muscle. 8-week-old D2-mdx mice, which display severe muscle pathology, had greater numbers of senescent cells associated with areas of inflammation which were mostly Cdkn1a-positive macrophages while in C57-mdx muscle, senescent populations were endothelial cells and macrophages localized to newly regenerated myofibers. Interestingly, this pattern was similar to cardiotoxin (CTX)-injured wildtype (WT) muscle which experienced a transient senescent response. Dystrophic muscle demonstrated significant upregulations in senescence pathway genes (Cdkn1a (p21), Cdkn2a (p16INK4A), Trp53 (p53)) which correlated with the quantity of SA-b-Gal-positive cells. These results highlight an underexplored role for cellular senescence in murine dystrophic muscle.

scholarly journals Interleukin-15 Administration Improves Diaphragm Muscle Pathology and Function in Dystrophic mdx Mice

2005 ◽  
Vol 166 (4) ◽  
pp. 1131-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah J. Harcourt ◽  
Anna Greer Holmes ◽  
Paul Gregorevic ◽  
Jonathan D. Schertzer ◽  
Nicole Stupka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diaphragm Muscle ◽  
Muscle Pathology ◽  
Mdx Mice ◽  
Interleukin 15 ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Climate Mobility and Development Cooperation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stojanov ◽  
Sarah Rosengaertner ◽  
Alex de Sherbinin ◽  
Raphael Nawrotzki
Keyword(s):  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Climate Variability And Change ◽  
Policy Frameworks ◽  
And Migration ◽  
And Function ◽  
Role And Function

AbstractDevelopment cooperation actors have been addressing climate change as a cross-cutting issue and investing in climate adaptation projects since the early 2000s. More recently, as concern has risen about the potential impacts of climate variability and change on human mobility, development cooperation actors have begun to design projects that intentionally address the drivers of migration, including climate impacts on livelihoods. However, to date, we know little about the development cooperation’s role and function in responding to climate related mobility and migration. As such, the main aim of this paper is to outline the policy frameworks and approaches shaping development cooperation actors’ engagement and to identify areas for further exploration and investment. First, we frame the concept of climate mobility and migration and discuss some applicable policy frameworks that govern the issue from various perspectives; secondly, we review the toolbox of approaches that development cooperation actors bring to climate mobility; and third, we discuss the implications of the current Covid-19 pandemic and identify avenues for the way forward. We conclude that ensuring safe and orderly mobility and the decent reception and long-term inclusion of migrants and displaced persons under conditions of more severe climate hazards, and in the context of rising nationalism and xenophobia, poses significant challenges. Integrated approaches across multiple policy sectors and levels of governance are needed. In addition to resources, development cooperation actors can bring data to help empower the most affected communities and regions and leverage their convening power to foster more coordinated approaches within and across countries.

scholarly journals Shoulder arthroplasty for juvenile idiopathic arthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 230949901989061
Author(s):  
Suroosh Madanipour ◽  
Aditya Prinja ◽  
Marcus Lee ◽  
Abbas Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Shoulder Arthroplasty ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Inflammatory Arthropathy ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
And Function

There is limited literature to guide shoulder surgeons in the management of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). We aim to help clinicians to formulate an approach to the surgical management of the condition through a review of the available literature on arthroplasty in JIA, general considerations when operating on patients with inflammatory arthropathy and recommendations based on the authors’ experience. Four articles report formal data on arthroplasty in JIA with favourable improvements in post-operative pain and function scores after the long-term follow-up. Significant heterogeneity in treatment and a lack of standardisation in quantitative outcomes highlights the need for further larger scale and higher quality research. The aim of this study is to review the evidence and provide information on preoperative evaluation of surgical candidates, operative techniques, choice of implant design and to evaluate functional outcomes in patients who undergo shoulder arthroplasty.

Skewed T-cell maturation and function in HIV-infected patients failing CD4+ recovery upon long-term virologically suppressive HAART

AIDS ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1455-1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Marchetti ◽  
Lidia Gazzola ◽  
Daria Trabattoni ◽  
Francesca Bai ◽  
Giuseppe Ancona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Maturation ◽  
And Function ◽  
T Cell Maturation

Lung Structure And Function Relation In Elastase-Treated Rats: A Long-Term Follow Up Study

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margit V. Szabari ◽  
Jozsef Tolnai ◽  
Balazs Maar ◽  
Harikrishnan Parameswaran ◽  
Elizabeth Bartolak-Suki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Lung Structure ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
And Function ◽  
Function Relation
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