Progestin Only Contraceptives and Their Use in Adolescents: Clinical Options and Medical Indications

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
A BURKETT ◽  
G HEWITT
Keyword(s):  
Medical Indications

Legal restrictions on pre-implantation genetic diagnostics in the framework of in vitro fertilization procedure: foreign experience and Russian perspective

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Altinnik , S.S. Zenin , V.V. Komarova et all
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Genetic Diagnostics ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Medical Indications

The article discusses the factors that determine the content of the legal limitations of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis in the framework of the in vitro fertilization procedure, taking into account international experience and modern domestic regulatory legal regulation of the field of assisted reproductive technologies. The authors substantiates the conclusion that it is necessary to legislate a list of medical indications for preimplantation genetic diagnosis, as well as the categories of hereditary or other genetic diseases diagnosed in the framework of this procedure.

scholarly journals Herbal Preparations of Medical Cannabis: A Vademecum for Prescribing Doctors

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Brunetti ◽  
Simona Pichini ◽  
Roberta Pacifici ◽  
Francesco Paolo Busardò ◽  
Alessandro del Rio
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Abuse Liability ◽  
Medical Cannabis ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Herbal Preparations ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Medical Indications ◽  
Different Sources

Cannabis has been used for centuries for therapeutic purposes. In the last century, the plant was demonized due to its high abuse liability and supposedly insufficient health benefits. However, recent decriminalization policies and new scientific evidence have increased the interest in cannabis therapeutic potential of cannabis and paved the way for the release of marketing authorizations for cannabis-based products. Although several synthetic and standardized products are currently available on the market, patients’ preferences lean towards herbal preparations, because they are easy to handle and self-administer. A literature search was conducted on multidisciplinary research databases and international agencies or institutional websites. Despite the growing popularity of medical cannabis, little data is available on the chemical composition and preparation methods of medical cannabis extracts. The authors hereby report the most common cannabis preparations, presenting their medical indications, routes of administration and recommended dosages. A practical and helpful guide for prescribing doctors is provided, including suggested posology, titration strategies and cannabinoid amounts in herbal preparations obtained from different sources of medical cannabis.

scholarly journals Potential Prophylactic Treatments for COVID-19

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1292
Author(s):  
Noam Ben-Zuk ◽  
Ido-David Dechtman ◽  
Itai Henn ◽  
Libby Weiss ◽  
Amichay Afriat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Clinical Background ◽  
Repurposed Drugs ◽  
Prophylactic Use ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Medical Indications ◽  
Respiratory Droplets ◽  
Near Future

The World Health Organization declared the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern at the end of January 2020 and a pandemic two months later. The virus primarily spreads between humans via respiratory droplets, and is the causative agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which can vary in severity, from asymptomatic or mild disease (the vast majority of the cases) to respiratory failure, multi-organ failure, and death. Recently, several vaccines were approved for emergency use against SARS-CoV-2. However, their worldwide availability is acutely limited, and therefore, SARS-CoV-2 is still expected to cause significant morbidity and mortality in the upcoming year. Hence, additional countermeasures are needed, particularly pharmaceutical drugs that are widely accessible, safe, scalable, and affordable. In this comprehensive review, we target the prophylactic arena, focusing on small-molecule candidates. In order to consolidate a potential list of such medications, which were categorized as either antivirals, repurposed drugs, or miscellaneous, a thorough screening for relevant clinical trials was conducted. A brief molecular and/or clinical background is provided for each potential drug, rationalizing its prophylactic use as an antiviral or inflammatory modulator. Drug safety profiles are discussed, and current medical indications and research status regarding their relevance to COVID-19 are shortly reviewed. In the near future, a significant body of information regarding the effectiveness of drugs being clinically studied for COVID-19 is expected to accumulate, in addition to information regarding the efficacy of prophylactic treatments.

A Survey of Women Who Cryopreserved Oocytes for Non-medical Indications (Social Fertility Preservation)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Seyhan ◽  
Oznur Dundar Akin ◽  
Sinem Ertaş ◽  
Baris Ata ◽  
Kayhan Yakin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Preservation ◽  
Social Fertility Preservation ◽  
Medical Indications

scholarly journals Why do pregnant women prefer cesarean birth? A qualitative study in a tertiary care center in Southern Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitkasaem Suwanrath ◽  
Sopen Chunuan ◽  
Phawat Matemanosak ◽  
Sutham Pinjaroen
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cesarean Birth ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Cesarean Births ◽  
Medical Indications ◽  
Superstitious Beliefs

Abstract Background Increasing worldwide rates of cesarean section are of global concern. In recent years, cesarean births upon maternal request have become a hotly debated issue. Hence, this study aimed to explore maternal reasons for cesarean preference without medical indications. Methods A descriptive qualitative study was conducted, using in-depth interviews with 27 pregnant women who preferred cesarean birth, attending antenatal care in Songklanagarind Hospital from September 2018 to June 2019. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Results Maternal reasons for cesarean preference were classified into six main categories: fear of childbirth, safety concerns related to health risk perceptions, negative previous birth experiences, positive attitudes toward cesarean birth, access to biased information and superstitious beliefs in auspicious birth dates. Most women had more than one reason for opting cesarean birth. Conclusion Several reasons for cesarean birth preference have been elucidated. One striking reason was superstitious beliefs in auspicious birth dates, which are challengable for obstetricians to deal with. Obstetricians should explore the exact reasons why women request cesarean birth in order to prevent or diminish unnecessary cesarean births.

More Criticism of Circumcision

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
Gary G. Carpenter ◽  
Arturo R. Hervada
Keyword(s):  
American Academy ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Medical Indications

As natural optimists, we thought medical indications for the tribal, antediluvian custom of routine circumcision of the newborn had been finally terminated by the brief, crisp, and concise statement on circumcision made by the Committee on the Fetus and the Newborn of the American Academy of Pediatrics: "There are no valid medical indications for circumcision in the neonatal period."1 We hoped that foreskin clipping had been arrested as the last surgical procedure done to man without anesthesia or sedation, but we found the paper, "Why Circumcision?" by Burger and Guthrie,2 with unnecessary pessimism again resharpening the brutalized merry-go-round.

scholarly journals Session 30: Fertility preservation for medical and non-medical indications

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. i46-i49 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Roness ◽  
L. Kalich-Philosoph ◽  
A. Carmely ◽  
M. Fishel-Bartal ◽  
H. Ligumsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Preservation ◽  
Medical Indications

scholarly journals 2019 FDA TIDES (Peptides and Oligonucleotides) Harvest

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danah Al Shaer ◽  
Othman Al Musaimi ◽  
Fernando Albericio ◽  
Beatriz G. de la Torre
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Imaging Agents ◽  
Antibody Drug Conjugates ◽  
Drug Conjugates ◽  
Target Mode ◽  
Medical Indications ◽  
Antibody Drug ◽  
The Way

2019 has been an excellent year in terms of peptides and oligonucleotides (TIDES) approved by the FDA. Despite the drop in the number of total drugs approved by the FDA in 2019 in comparison with 2018 (48 vs. 59), the total number of TIDES authorized increased (seven vs. three). Year after year, TIDES are increasingly present in therapy, as imaging agents, theragnostic and constituent moieties of other complex drugs, such as antibody drug conjugates. This means a consolidation of these kinds of drugs in the pharmaceutical arena, paving the way in the coming years for the approval of others for diverse medical indications. Here the TIDES approved in 2019 are analyzed in terms of chemical structure, medical target, mode of action, and adverse effects.

scholarly journals Restorative minimally invasive interventions in patients with colostomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1004-1008
Author(s):  
F Sh Akhmetzyanov ◽  
N A Valiev ◽  
A N Daminov ◽  
B Sh Bikbov
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Distal Stump ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Intestinal Continuity ◽  
Intestinal Stoma ◽  
The Right ◽  
Medical Indications ◽  
Oncology Center

Aim. To show the benefits of performing mini-access restorative phase on the colon in patients with colostomy. Methods. A retrospective analysis of the results of closure stomy operations in 2011-2017 in two emergency cancer departments of Republican Clinical Oncology Center MH RT was conducted. The inclusion criteria of the study were: 1) surgical intervention for acute intestinal obstruction in colorectal cancer performed in RCOC; 2) mandatory removal of the primary tumor during the first surgery; 3) the presence of a functioning intestinal stoma formed during the first surgery; 4) fixation of both stumps in one stoma. The exclusion criteria were refusal to restore the continuity of the colon for medical indications and the patient's refusal to undergo the surgery. Results. The study included 11 males (44 %) and 14 females (56 %). The age interval was 49 to 81 years, of which 12 patients were over 70 years old (48 %), the average age was 67.7 ± 5.4 years. The tumor removed at the first stage was localized in the right parts of the colon in 5 patients (20 %), and in the left in 20 patients (80 %). By the stages of the malignant process, the patients were distributed as follows: stage B - 14 cases (56 %), stage C - 10 (40 %), stage D - 1 (4 %). The average duration of the surgery was 53 ± 14.38 minutes (40 to 123). The postoperative period was 10.8 ± 1.92 days on average (5 to 18). Conclusion. Restoration of intestinal continuity through mini-paracolostomy access is technically rational, as due to the mini-access the patient undergoes minor surgical trauma; the anatomical proximity of the anastomosed bowel stumps excludes the difficulties associated with the search for the distal stump in the traditional method of recovery; the duration of the postoperative hospital stay decreases significantly.

Circumcision Decision: Prominence of Social Concerns

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
Mark S. Brown ◽  
Cheryl A. Brown
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Social Concerns ◽  
Policy Statements ◽  
Medical Indications

Despite policy statements against routine circumcision of newborns by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology more than 10 years ago, there has been virtually no change in circumcision practices in the United States. In addition, controlled trials of programs to educate parents about the lack of medical indications for routine newborn circumcision have shown that parental education has little impact on the circumcision decision. We hypothesized that parents based their circumcision decision predominantly on social concerns rather than on medical ones. We prospectively surveyed parents of 124 newborns soon after they made the circumcision decision to learn their reasons for the decision. The strongest factor associated with the circumcision decision was whether or not the father was circumcised (P.0001). The survey also showed that concerns about the attitudes of peers and their sons' self concept in the future were prominent among parents deciding to circumcise. The circumcision decision in the United States is emerging as a cultural ritual rather than the result of medical misunderstanding among parents. In counseling parents making the circumcision decision, the health care provider should provide a knowledgeable and honest discussion of the medical aspects of circumcision. Until information is available that addresses parents' social concerns about circumcision, it is unreasonable to expect a significant change in circumcision customs in the United States.

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