scholarly journals Psychometric validation of measures of alcohol expectancies, retrospective subjective response, and positive drinking consequences for use with adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Morean ◽  
S. Zellers ◽  
M. Tamler ◽  
S. Krishnan-Sarin
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Expectancies ◽  
Psychometric Validation ◽  
Subjective Response ◽  
Drinking Consequences

scholarly journals 2263

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 33-33
Author(s):  
Corbin Daniel Ester ◽  
Bethany Stangl ◽  
Aruna Gogineni ◽  
Lauren Blau ◽  
Vatsalya Vatsalya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Family History ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Expectancies ◽  
Subjective Response ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Risky Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Sensitivity ◽  
Alcohol Hangover

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The current study examined hangover following IV alcohol self-administration (IV-ASA) using the Computer-Assisted Infusion System. The goal of the study was to identify predictors of hangover, including drinking history, alcohol sensitivity, family history, expectancies, and sex differences in nondependent drinkers. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The study sample included 89 healthy, nondependent drinkers aged 21–45 years. After a screening to exclude any medical illness or psychiatric disorders, participants completed an IV-ASA session. Each session consisted of a 25-minute priming phase, during which participants were prompted to press a button to receive individually standardized alcohol infusions, followed by a 2-hour “open bar” phase, during which they were instructed to recreate a typical drinking experience. Results from the IV-ASA included peak and average BrAC. Drinking patterns were assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, which provided 3 subscales: consumption (AUDIT-C), dependence (AUDIT-D), and harmful drinking (AUDIT-H). Subjective response to alcohol was measured using the Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ). The Alcohol Hangover Scale (AHS) was used to assess hangover for the period between participants’ departure from the study unit and 10 am the next morning. The Alcohol Effects Questionnaire (AEFQ) is a measure which includes 40 true/false statements about how alcohol typically makes respondents feel, and was used to measure alcohol expectancies. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Results showed that 78% of participants endorsed having at least 1 hangover symptom following IV-ASA. The most commonly reported items were tired, thirsty, headache, and hangover. There was no association between hangover scores and the AUDIT-C or IV-ASA. Because alcohol consumption was not related to hangover symptoms, risky drinking behavior was examined. Results indicated that participants endorsing 4 or more items on the AUDIT-D plus AUDIT-H subscales showed significantly higher average hangover scores. Linear regression analyses indicated that alcohol hangover scores were associated with DEQ items feel, high, and intoxicated. Ongoing analyses are examining additional predictors of hangover including family history, alcohol expectancies, sex differences, and other alcohol sensitivity measures. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The results indicated that risky drinking patterns and alcohol response measures were positively associated with hangover symptoms in non-dependent drinks, while no correlation between consumption and hangover symptoms were found. Since previous research has shown than greater subjective response is associated with heavy drinking and predictive of alcohol use disorder, it is possible that hangover symptoms is a marker of this relationship. Since the role of hangover in the transition from heavy drinking to disorder still remains unclear, it will be important to characterize this relationship between alcohol sensitivity and hangover as a function of drinking patterns. This understanding may help to prevent this transition from at-risk drinking to alcohol dependent drinking.

Linking Masculinity to Negative Drinking Consequences: The Mediating Roles of Heavy Episodic Drinking and Alcohol Expectancies

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Wells ◽  
Andrea Flynn ◽  
Paul F Tremblay ◽  
Tara Dumas ◽  
Peter Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Expectancies ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
Drinking Consequences

scholarly journals Evaluating the accuracy of alcohol expectancies relative to subjective response to alcohol

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan E. Morean ◽  
William R. Corbin ◽  
Teresa A. Treat
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Expectancies ◽  
Subjective Response

Safety Culture and Safety-Relevant Behavior in Air Traffic Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Schwarz ◽  
K. Wolfgang Kallus
Keyword(s):  
Safety Culture ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Psychometric Validation ◽  
Safety Attitudes ◽  
Culture Development

Since 2010, air navigation service providers have been mandated to implement a positive and proactive safety culture based on shared beliefs, assumptions, and values regarding safety. This mandate raised the need to develop and validate a concept and tools to assess the level of safety culture in organizations. An initial set of 40 safety culture questions based on eight themes underwent psychometric validation. Principal component analysis was applied to data from 282 air traffic management staff, producing a five-factor model of informed culture, reporting and learning culture, just culture, and flexible culture, as well as management’s safety attitudes. This five-factor solution was validated across two different occupational groups and assessment dates (construct validity). Criterion validity was partly achieved by predicting safety-relevant behavior on the job through three out of five safety culture scores. Results indicated a nonlinear relationship with safety culture scales. Overall the proposed concept proved reliable and valid with respect to safety culture development, providing a robust foundation for managers, safety experts, and operational and safety researchers to measure and further improve the level of safety culture within the air traffic management context.

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