Association between individual differences in non-symbolic number acuity and math performance: A meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qixuan Chen ◽  
Jingguang Li
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Math Performance ◽  
Symbolic Number

Neural Underpinnings of Numerical and Spatial Cognition: An fMRI Meta-Analysis of Brain Regions Associated with Symbolic Number, Arithmetic, and Mental Rotation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Hawes ◽  
H Moriah Sokolowski ◽  
Chuka Bosah Ononye ◽  
Daniel Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Number Representation ◽  
Neural Underpinnings ◽  
The Right ◽  
Symbolic Number

Where and under what conditions do spatial and numerical skills converge and diverge in the brain? To address this question, we conducted a meta-analysis of brain regions associated with basic symbolic number processing, arithmetic, and mental rotation. We used Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) to construct quantitative meta-analytic maps synthesizing results from 86 neuroimaging papers (~ 30 studies/cognitive process). All three cognitive processes were found to activate bilateral parietal regions in and around the intraparietal sulcus (IPS); a finding consistent with shared processing accounts. Numerical and arithmetic processing were associated with overlap in the left angular gyrus, whereas mental rotation and arithmetic both showed activity in the middle frontal gyri. These patterns suggest regions of cortex potentially more specialized for symbolic number representation and domain-general mental manipulation, respectively. Additionally, arithmetic was associated with unique activity throughout the fronto-parietal network and mental rotation was associated with unique activity in the right superior parietal lobe. Overall, these results provide new insights into the intersection of numerical and spatial thought in the human brain.

scholarly journals The repeatability of cognitive performance: a meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1756) ◽  
pp. 20170281 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cauchoix ◽  
P. K. Y. Chow ◽  
J. O. van Horik ◽  
C. M. Atance ◽  
E. J. Barbeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Widespread Occurrence ◽  
Taxonomic Class ◽  
Vast Literature

Behavioural and cognitive processes play important roles in mediating an individual's interactions with its environment. Yet, while there is a vast literature on repeatable individual differences in behaviour, relatively little is known about the repeatability of cognitive performance. To further our understanding of the evolution of cognition, we gathered 44 studies on individual performance of 25 species across six animal classes and used meta-analysis to assess whether cognitive performance is repeatable. We compared repeatability ( R ) in performance (1) on the same task presented at different times (temporal repeatability), and (2) on different tasks that measured the same putative cognitive ability (contextual repeatability). We also addressed whether R estimates were influenced by seven extrinsic factors (moderators): type of cognitive performance measurement, type of cognitive task, delay between tests, origin of the subjects, experimental context, taxonomic class and publication status. We found support for both temporal and contextual repeatability of cognitive performance, with mean R estimates ranging between 0.15 and 0.28. Repeatability estimates were mostly influenced by the type of cognitive performance measures and publication status. Our findings highlight the widespread occurrence of consistent inter-individual variation in cognition across a range of taxa which, like behaviour, may be associated with fitness outcomes. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Causes and consequences of individual differences in cognitive abilities’.

Individual differences in parents’ impressions of children and child physical abuse: A meta-analysis.

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy J. McCarthy ◽  
Michael F. Wagner ◽  
Ariel Basham ◽  
Caicina Jones
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Child Physical Abuse

Individual Differences in Nonsymbolic Ratio Processing Predict Symbolic Math Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Percival G. Matthews ◽  
Mark Rose Lewis ◽  
Edward M. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Math Performance
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