No functional role of attention-based rehearsal in maintenance of spatial working memory representations

2009 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artem V. Belopolsky ◽  
Jan Theeuwes
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Memory Representations

Working Memory and Number Sense as Predictors of Mathematical (Dis-)Ability

2015 ◽  
Vol 223 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn H. Kroesbergen ◽  
Marloes van Dijk
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Number Sense ◽  
Mathematical Learning ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Mathematical Learning Disabilities ◽  
Visual Spatial Working Memory ◽  
And Mathematics

Recent research has pointed to two possible causes of mathematical (dis-)ability: working memory and number sense, although only few studies have compared the relations between working memory and mathematics and between number sense and mathematics. In this study, both constructs were studied in relation to mathematics in general, and to mathematical learning disabilities (MLD) in particular. The sample consisted of 154 children aged between 6 and 10 years, including 26 children with MLD. Children performing low on either number sense or visual-spatial working memory scored lower on math tests than children without such a weakness. Children with a double weakness scored the lowest. These results confirm the important role of both visual-spatial working memory and number sense in mathematical development.

Early Neglect and the Development of Aggression in Toddlerhood: The Role of Working Memory

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Demeusy ◽  
Elizabeth D. Handley ◽  
Fred A. Rogosch ◽  
Dante Cicchetti ◽  
Sheree L. Toth
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Maternal Report ◽  
Protective Service ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
History Of

Previous research has provided evidence for the robust relation between maltreatment and the development of externalizing behavior, including aggression. However, less empirical attention has been given to the specific role of neglect. The current study aimed to examine the role of working memory in the association between early neglect and aggression in toddlerhood. Longitudinal data were collected from 89 infants and their biological mothers when the infant was approximately 12, 26, and 38 months old. History of neglect was assessed at 12 months using official Child Protective Service records. Working memory and mental development were assessed at 26 months. Aggression was measured using maternal report at 38 months. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling, and mediation was tested using 95% asymmetric confidence intervals. Results indicated that infants who experienced neglect exhibited poorer working memory abilities, specifically spatial working memory, and higher rates of aggression in toddlerhood. In addition, spatial working memory mediated the relation between neglect and aggression, suggesting that this may be one promising target for intervention.

scholarly journals Target-Target Perceptual Similarity Within the Attentional Blink

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan M. Makarov ◽  
Elena S. Gorbunova
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Attentional Blink ◽  
Trial Design ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Perceptual Similarity ◽  
Memory Representations ◽  
Report Accuracy ◽  
Blocked Design ◽  
Shape And Size

Three experiments investigated the role of target-target perceptual similarity within the attentional blink (AB). Various geometric shapes were presented in a rapid serial visual presentation task. Targets could have 2, 1, or 0 shared features. Features included shape and size. The second target was presented after five or six different lags after the first target. The task was to detect both targets on each trial. Second-target report accuracy was increased by target-target similarity. This modulation was observed more for mixed-trial design as compared with blocked design. Results are discussed in terms of increased stability of working memory representations and reduced interference for second-target processing.

scholarly journals Spatial working memory in visual search for multiple targets

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.S. Gorbunova
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Search ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Search Efficiency ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Multiple Targets ◽  
Subsequent Search Misses

The article investigated the role of spatial working memory in visual search for multiple targets, in particular, in subsequent search misses effect. This phenomenon is the second target omission after the first target has been found in visual search task. One of the theoretical interpretations of subsequent search misses is the lack of resources (attention and/or working memory) after the first target is found. Experiment investigated dual-target visual search efficiency in standard conditions and with additional spatial working memory load. Additional working memory load did not have any significant impact in multiple target visual search efficiency. The results can due to the role of object, but not spatial working memory in this task. Alternative explanation assumes using special tools and strategies.

Neglecting the posterior parietal cortex: The role of higher-order perceptual memories for working-memory retention

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 749-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Mecklinger ◽  
Bertram Opitz
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Fmri Data ◽  
Memory Retention ◽  
Memory Representations ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Dynamic Link

The view that posterior brain systems engaged in lower-order perceptual functions are activated during sustained retention is challenged by fMRI data, which show consistent retention-related activation of higher-order memory representations for a variety of working-memory materials. Sustained retention entails the dynamic link of these higher-order memories with schemata for goal-oriented action housed by the frontal lobes.

A re-examination of the role of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in spatial working memory

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 481-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Chappell ◽  
Robert McMahan ◽  
Andrea Chiba ◽  
Michela Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Cholinergic Neurons ◽  
Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons
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