Combined with surface-confined probes and the layer-by-layer assembly technique, a reagentless electrochemical immunosensor was constructed for highly sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen.
DNA modified with FAM was immobilized onto the surface of GO for Hg2+ sensing. Addition of Hg2+ resulted in the formation of a hairpin structure due to T–T mismatching. Increasing Hg2+ concentrations resulted in an increase in fluorescence intensity.