scholarly journals A FTIR/chemometrics approach to characterize the gamma radiation effects on iodine/epoxy-paint interactions in Nuclear Power Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 960 ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliette Colombani ◽  
Elodie Chauvet ◽  
Sandrine Amat ◽  
Nathalie Dupuy ◽  
Didier Gigmes
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Epoxy Paint

The Effect of Elevated Temperatures and Nuclear Radiation on the Properties of Biological Shielding Concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 677 ◽  
pp. 8-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslava Koťátková ◽  
Jan Zatloukal ◽  
Pavel Reiterman ◽  
Jan Patera ◽  
Zbyněk Hlaváč ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
Containment Vessel ◽  
Negative Impacts

The paper reviews the so far known information about the properties of biological shielding concrete used in the containment vessel of nuclear power plants (NPP) and its behaviour when exposed to radiation. The damage of concrete caused by neutron and gamma radiation as well as by the accompanying generation of heat is described. However, there is not enough data for the proper evaluation of the negative impacts and further research is needed.

scholarly journals Investigation of the characteristics of the container for storage of radioactive waste of nuclear power plants with uranium-graphite reactors

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 07016
Author(s):  
Aleksey Ivshin ◽  
Alexandr Kalyutik ◽  
Anatolii Blagoveshchenskii
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Radiation Characteristic ◽  
Calculation Error

The article presents the results of the study of neutron-physical characteristics of the container for storage of radioactive waste of nuclear power plants with uranium-graphite reactors. The interaction of gamma quanta (in the energy range from 0.1 to 2 MeV) with the structural materials of the container is simulated. The numerical values of the parameters determining the radiation characteristic of the container with the estimation of the calculation error are obtained. The following main characteristics of the container are determined: the attenuation coefficient of the equivalent dose, the numerical factor of gamma radiation accumulation. These characteristics can be used to justify the radiation safety of the container, in particular when selecting protection materials, as well as when building additional heterogeneous protection barriers.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF PHOTON ENERGY AND DIRECTION DISTRIBUTIONS AT JAPANESE NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS BASED ON LITERATURE SURVEY FOR J-EPISODE STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-391
Author(s):  
Hiroshige Furuta ◽  
Akemi Nishide ◽  
Shin'ichi Kudo ◽  
Shin Saigusa
Keyword(s):  
Photon Energy ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Nuclear Facilities

Abstract In order to reconstruct organ-absorbed dose from recorded dose for risk estimation in nuclear worker cohort, the preceding study of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) 15-Country Collaborative Study estimated the organ dose conversion factor from the recorded dose of Hp(10) under the assumption that on average, in the nuclear power plants (NPPs), 10% of the dose received by workers was due to photon energies ranging from 100 to 300 keV and 90% from photon energies ranging from 300 to 3000 keV, with the average geometry being 50% in the antero-posterior geometry and 50% in the isotropic geometry. Similar examination was conducted at the Japanese Epidemiological Study on Low-Dose Radiation Effects (J-EPISODE). Literature survey disclosed that Japanese electric power companies had jointly conducted the research on energy distribution and incidence direction distribution of gamma rays in working environments during periodical inspection and maintenance as well as during operation in the 1980s. The analysis of the survey results on photon energy and geometry distribution of Japanese NPPs demonstrated appropriateness in applying the IARC study assumption for nuclear workers in Japan and reconstructing organ-absorbed dose in the J-EPISODE. These results in Japan also provide strong evidence to support the robustness and generality of the IARC study assumption, which was estimated based on the judgment of experts at nuclear facilities around the world.

scholarly journals ODONTOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION (review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 18-55
Author(s):  
D. Afanasyev ◽  
◽  
S. Liubarets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Periodontal Tissues

Background. Odontological effects of ionizing radiation (IR) as a result of radiotherapy, the consequences of acci-dents at nuclear power plants and industry, individual occupational exposure, etc. deserve significant attention interns of radiation medicine and radiation safety. Objective: to analyze and summarize clinical and experimental data on the odontological radiation effects. Materials and methods. Object: the pathological changes in the hard tissues of teeth, pulp, periodontium, mucous membranes of the mouth and jaws due to exposure to IR. Method: search in the PubMed / MEDLINE, Google Scholar abstract medical and biological databases, scientific libraries of the relevant sources of scientific information. Results. Radiobiological effects of IR due to its direct and indirect action are manifested throughout the period of odontogenesis and formation of the facial skeleton. Experimental and clinical data (in children and adults) indicate the increased risk of dental caries, reduction of pain threshold and vascularization of tooth pulp along with its fibrosis and atrophy, periodontal dysfunction, which predispose to a high probability of tooth loss. Abnormalities in the activity of osteoblasts and cementoblasts of dental periosteum and osteoblasts of alveolar process in combination with circulatory disorders due to endothelial cell death, hyalinization, thrombosis and vascular obliteration increase the risk of jaw osteoradionecrosis. Children who have undergone a prenatal exposure to IR as a result of the Chornobyl NPP accident have a premature change of teeth. Deterioration of periodontal tissues and early development of acute and complicated dental caries are typical for children and adults affected by the Chornobyl disaster. Conclusions. Summarized data on the effects of radiation exposure under different conditions on teeth primordia (i.e. immature teeth), their formation and eruption in experimental and clinical settings, as well as on the odontological radiation effects in adults are summarized. Condition of the teeth in the Chornobyl NPP accident survivors is described. Understanding and taking into account the radiobiological odontological effects is necessary in the light of planning, preparing, and conducting local radiation therapy and developing the standards of radiation safety and measures to protect professionals and the public in the event of possible radiation accidents at the nuclear power plants and industry facilities. Key words: ionizing radiation, radiation therapy, Chornobyl NPP accident, odontology, tooth enamel, dentin, pulp, periodontium, caries, odontogenesis.

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