Microwave assisted sample preparation for determining water-soluble fraction of trace elements in urban airborne particulate matter: Evaluation of bioavailability

2006 ◽  
Vol 576 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sathrugnan Karthikeyan ◽  
Umid Man Joshi ◽  
Rajasekhar Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Airborne Particulate ◽  
Water Soluble Fraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted

Assessment of sample preparation methods for the analysis of trace elements in airborne particulate matter

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Salcedo ◽  
J. P. Bernal ◽  
O. Pérez-Arvizu ◽  
E. Lounejeva
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Reference Material ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Acid Reflux ◽  
Airborne Particulate ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Sample Preparation Methods

A method was tested for the digestion of SRM 1648a and airborne particulate samples using acid reflux before ICP-MS analysis of trace elements. The suitability of SRM 1648(a) as a reference material for airborne PM is discussed.

scholarly journals Size-resolved composition and morphology of particulate matter during the southwest monsoon in Metro Manila, Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 10675-10696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melliza Templonuevo Cruz ◽  
Paola Angela Bañaga ◽  
Grace Betito ◽  
Rachel A. Braun ◽  
Connor Stahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Soluble Fraction ◽  
Metro Manila ◽  
Wet Scavenging ◽  
Sample Set ◽  
Aerosol Properties

Abstract. This paper presents novel results from size-resolved particulate matter (PM) mass, composition, and morphology measurements conducted during the 2018 southwest monsoon (SWM) season in Metro Manila, Philippines. Micro-orifice uniform deposit impactors (MOUDIs) were used to collect PM sample sets composed of size-resolved measurements at the following aerodynamic cut-point diameters (Dp): 18, 10, 5.6, 3.2, 1.8, 1.0, 0.56, 0.32, 0.18, 0.10, and 0.056 µm. Each sample set was analyzed for composition of the water-soluble fraction. Analysis for mass was carried out on two sample sets, whereas black carbon (BC) and morphology analysis were analyzed on a single sample set. The bulk of the PM mass was between 0.18 and 1.0 µm with a dominant mode between 0.32 and 0.56 µm. Similarly, most of the black carbon (BC) mass was found between 0.10 and 1.0 µm, peaking between 0.18 and 0.32 µm. These peaks are located in the Greenfield gap, or the size range between 0.10 and 1.0 µm, where wet scavenging by rain is relatively inefficient. In the range between 0.10 and 0.18 µm, BC constituted 78.1 % of the measured mass. Comparable contributions of BC (26.9 %) and the water-soluble fraction (33.4 %) to total PM were observed and most of the unresolved mass, which amounted to 39.6 % in total, was for diameters exceeding 0.32 µm. The water-soluble ions and elements exhibited an average combined concentration of 8.53 µg m−3, with SO42-, NH4+, NO3-, Na+, and Cl− as the major contributors. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to identify the possible aerosol sources and estimate their contribution to the water-soluble fraction of collected PM. The factor with the highest contribution was attributed to “aged aerosol” (48.0 %), while “sea salt” (22.5 %) and “combustion” emissions (18.7 %) had comparable contributions. “Vehicular/resuspended dust” (5.6 %) and “waste processing” emissions (5.1 %) were also identified. Microscopy analysis highlighted the ubiquity of nonspherical particles regardless of size, which is significant when considering calculations of parameters such as single scattering albedo, the asymmetry parameter, and the extinction efficiency. The significant influence from aged aerosol to Metro Manila during the SWM season indicates that local sources in this megacity do not fully govern this coastal area's aerosol properties. The fact that the majority of the regional aerosol mass burden is accounted for by BC and other insoluble components has important downstream effects on the aerosol hygroscopic properties, which depend on composition. The results are relevant for understanding the impacts of monsoonal features on size-resolved aerosol properties, notably aqueous processing and wet scavenging. Finally, the results of this work provide contextual data for future sampling campaigns in Southeast Asia such as the airborne component of the Cloud, Aerosol, and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment (CAMP2Ex) planned for the SWM season in 2019.

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