Stability of low levels of perchlorate in drinking water and natural water samples

2006 ◽  
Vol 567 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Stetson ◽  
Richard B. Wanty ◽  
Dennis R. Helsel ◽  
Stephen J. Kalkhoff ◽  
Donald L. Macalady
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Natural Water Samples ◽  
Low Levels

scholarly journals Fluoride removal efficiency of Tulsi (Ocimum Sanctum) from water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kefelegn Bayu ◽  
Abraham Geremew ◽  
Wegene Deriba ◽  
Yohannes Mulugeta ◽  
Samuel Wagari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Natural Water Samples ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

Abstract Fluoride concentration in drinking water higher than recommended value imposes different health problems and there are advanced and chemical based defluoridation techniques even if they are not feasible for developing countries and have limitations. Due to this, defluoridation by using locally available plants is one of the most efficient and sustainable options. Therefore, the current study was intended to investigate fluoride removal efficiency of Tulsi (Ocimum Sanctum) from water that can be an alternative means to reduce the problem related to its high concentration. A laboratory based experimental study was implemented by using potentiometric determination in Haramaya University. The leaves of Tulsi were collected, washed with tap water, rinsed with distilled water, and then were dried at room temperature, crushed and sieved through 500-μm stain-less steel sieve. The experiments were conducted on artificially fluoridated water by anhydrous fluoride and natural water samples collected from deep well water sources from Adama and Harar town. Data was analyzed using Design of Expert (DOE) and Microsoft excel. Twenty-nine runs for aqueous solution were conducted at different factor combinations and the optimum combinations were applied for natural water samples. The study depicts that plant has an efficiency of removing 68.4% of fluoride from water. The best factor combinations to achieve this efficiency was 0.2 g/100 ml, 22.6 min, 5.7 and 6.6 mg/l, adsorbent dose, contact time, pH and initial concentration respectively. pH and initial concentration have a negative effect and adsorbent dose and contact time have a positive effect on removing fluoride from water. Hence, people living in fluorosis endemic areas can use the processed plant as a de-fluoridating agent to minimize adverse health effects. HIGHLIGHT This research articles paves way to further study to remove contaminants from water, wastewater, which can pose a substantial effect on public health. The study conducted to investigate removal mechanism of fluoride from drinking water with low cost locally available plant and the software technologies were applied to find the optimum conditions at which the adsorbent works best.

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