scholarly journals Tissue- and sex-specific effects of β-carotene 15,15′ oxygenase (BCO1) on retinoid and lipid metabolism in adult and developing mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 572 ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn-Kyung Kim ◽  
Michael V. Zuccaro ◽  
Brianna K. Costabile ◽  
Rebeka Rodas ◽  
Loredana Quadro
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Developing Mice

scholarly journals CMO1 Deficiency Abolishes Vitamin A Production from β-Carotene and Alters Lipid Metabolism in Mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 282 (46) ◽  
pp. 33553-33561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Hessel ◽  
Anne Eichinger ◽  
Andrea Isken ◽  
Jaume Amengual ◽  
Silke Hunzelmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Mouse Mutant ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Β Carotene

Carotenoids are currently investigated regarding their potential to lower the risk of chronic disease and to combat vitamin A deficiency in humans. These plant-derived compounds must be cleaved and metabolically converted by intrinsic carotenoid oxygenases to support the panoply of vitamin A-dependent physiological processes. Two different carotenoid-cleaving enzymes were identified in mammals, the classical carotenoid-15,15′-oxygenase (CMO1) and a putative carotenoid-9′,10′-oxygenase (CMO2). To analyze the role of CMO1 in mammalian physiology, here we disrupted the corresponding gene by targeted homologous recombination in mice. On a diet providing β-carotene as major vitamin A precursor, vitamin A levels fell dramatically in several tissues examined. Instead, this mouse mutant accumulated the provitamin in large quantities (e.g. as seen by an orange coloring of adipose tissues). Besides impairments in β-carotene metabolism, CMO1 deficiency more generally interfered with lipid homeostasis. Even on a vitamin A-sufficient chow, CMO1-/- mice developed a fatty liver and displayed altered serum lipid levels with elevated serum unesterified fatty acids. Additionally, this mouse mutant was more susceptible to high fat diet-induced impairments in fatty acid metabolism. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis revealed that the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-regulated marker genes related to adipogenesis was elevated in visceral adipose tissues. Thus, our study identifies CMO1 as the key enzyme for vitamin A production and provides evidence for a role of carotenoids as more general regulators of lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Tissue-Specific Effects of Central Leptin on the Expression of Genes Involved in Lipid Metabolism in Liver and White Adipose Tissue

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
pp. 5604-5610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilda Gallardo ◽  
Elena Bonzón-Kulichenko ◽  
Teresa Fernández-Agulló ◽  
Eduardo Moltó ◽  
Sergio Gómez-Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Key Enzymes ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Element Binding Protein ◽  
Sterol Regulatory Element

Leptin reduces adiposity and exerts antisteatotic effects on nonadipose tissues. However, the mechanisms underlying leptin effects on lipid metabolism in liver and white adipose tissue have not been fully clarified. Here, we have studied the effects of central leptin administration on key enzymes and transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism in liver and epididymal adipose tissue. Intracerebroventricular leptin infusion for 7 d did not change leptin plasma levels but decreased triacylglyceride content in liver, epididymal adipose tissue, and plasma. In both tissues this treatment markedly decreased the expression of key enzymes of the de novo fatty acid (FA) synthesis such as acetyl-coenzyme A-carboxylase, FA synthase, and stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase-1, in parallel with a reduction in mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c in liver and carbohydrate regulatory element binding protein in adipose tissue. In addition, leptin also decreased phosphoenol-pyruvate carboxykinase-C expression in adipose tissue, an enzyme involved in glyceroneogenesis in this tissue. Central leptin administration down-regulates delta-6-desaturase expression in liver and adipose tissue, in parallel with the decrease of the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c in liver and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α in adipose tissue. Finally, leptin treatment, by regulating adipose triglyceride lipase/hormone sensitive lipase/diacylglycerol transferase 1 expression, also established a new partitioning in the FA-triacylglyceride cycling in adipose tissue, increasing lipolysis and probably the FA efflux from this tissue, and favoring in parallel the FA uptake and oxidation in the liver. These results suggest that leptin, acting at central level, exerts tissue-specific effects in limiting fat tissue mass and lipid accumulation in nonadipose tissues, preventing the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Effect of a long low-power γ-irradiation and β-carotene on lipid metabolism in the rat thymocyte nuclei

1998 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 918-920
Author(s):  
T. P. Kulagina ◽  
S. A. Shuruta ◽  
I. K. Kolomiitseva ◽  
L. A. Vakulova
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Β Carotene

The effect of dietary supplementation of β-carotene on lipid metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1011-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Sook Seo ◽  
Kyeung Soon Lee ◽  
Jung Hyun Jang ◽  
Zhejiu Quan ◽  
Kyung Mi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Β Carotene

scholarly journals Cardiac dysfunction in β-carotene-15,15′-dioxygenase-deficient mice is associated with altered retinoid and lipid metabolism

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (11) ◽  
pp. H1675-H1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Ah Lee ◽  
Hongfeng Jiang ◽  
Chad M. Trent ◽  
Jason J. Yuen ◽  
Sureshbabu Narayanasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Heart Development ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Heart Metabolism ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Β Carotene

Dietary carotenoids like β-carotene are converted within the body either to retinoid, via β-carotene-15,15′-dioxygenase (BCO1), or to β-apo-carotenoids, via β-carotene-9′,10′-oxygenase 2. Some β-apo-carotenoids are potent antagonists of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-mediated transcriptional regulation, which is required to ensure normal heart development and functions. We established liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometery methods for measuring concentrations of 10 β-apo-carotenoids in mouse plasma, liver, and heart and assessed how these are influenced by Bco1 deficiency and β-carotene intake. Surprisingly, Bco1−/− mice had an increase in heart levels of retinol, nonesterified fatty acids, and ceramides and a decrease in heart triglycerides. These lipid changes were accompanied by elevations in levels of genes important to retinoid metabolism, specifically retinol dehydrogenase 10 and retinol-binding protein 4, as well as genes involved in lipid metabolism, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, lipoprotein lipase, Cd36, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, and fatty acid synthase. We also obtained evidence of compromised heart function, as assessed by two-dimensional echocardiography, in Bco1−/− mice. However, the total absence of Bco1 did not substantially affect β-apo-carotenoid concentrations in the heart. β-Carotene administration to matched Bco1−/− and wild-type mice elevated total β-apo-carotenal levels in the heart, liver, and plasma and total β-apo-carotenoic acid levels in the liver. Thus, BCO1 modulates heart metabolism and function, possibly by altering levels of cofactors required for the actions of nuclear hormone receptors.

Production of β‐carotene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae through altering yeast lipid metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 2043-2052
Author(s):  
Yijin Zhao ◽  
Yueping Zhang ◽  
Jens Nielsen ◽  
Zihe Liu
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Yeast Lipid

O3-03-04: Isoform-specific effects of APOE on beta-amyloid clearance of beta and lipid metabolism

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. T163-T163
Author(s):  
Ralph N. Martins ◽  
Matthew Sharman ◽  
Kevin Taddei ◽  
Ian Martins ◽  
Eugene Hone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Beta Amyloid ◽  
Specific Effects

Systemic and tissue-specific effects of aliskiren on the RAAS and carbohydrate/lipid metabolism in obese patients with hypertension

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 488-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Engeli ◽  
Marcus May ◽  
Juerg Nussberger ◽  
A.H.Jan Danser ◽  
William P. Dole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Specific Effects
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