Regulatory network of lipid-sensing nuclear receptors: roles for CAR, PXR, LXR, and FXR

2005 ◽  
Vol 433 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Handschin ◽  
Urs A. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Lipid Sensing

scholarly journals Identification of a Liver-Specific Uridine Phosphorylase that Is Regulated by Multiple Lipid-Sensing Nuclear Receptors

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Joyce J. Repa ◽  
Yusuke Inoue ◽  
Graham P. Hayhurst ◽  
Frank J. Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Uridine Phosphorylase ◽  
Lipid Sensing

scholarly journals Mycobacterium tuberculosis Modulates Macrophage Lipid-Sensing Nuclear Receptors PPARγ and TR4 for Survival

2012 ◽  
Vol 188 (11) ◽  
pp. 5593-5603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahil Mahajan ◽  
H. Kitdorlang Dkhar ◽  
Vemika Chandra ◽  
Sandeep Dave ◽  
Ravikanth Nanduri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Lipid Sensing

scholarly journals Unorthodox Transcriptional Mechanisms of Lipid-Sensing Nuclear Receptors in Macrophages: Are We Opening a New Chapter?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsolt Czimmerer ◽  
Laszlo Halasz ◽  
Laszlo Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Nuclear Receptor ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Lipid Sensing ◽  
Transcriptional Memory ◽  
Genome Level ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Work over the past 30 years has shown that lipid-activated nuclear receptors form a bridge between metabolism and immunity integrating metabolic and inflammatory signaling in innate immune cells. Ligand-induced direct transcriptional activation and protein-protein interaction-based transrepression were identified as the most common mechanisms of liganded-nuclear receptor-mediated transcriptional regulation. However, the integration of different next-generation sequencing-based methodologies including chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing and global run-on sequencing allowed to investigate the DNA binding and ligand responsiveness of nuclear receptors at the whole-genome level. Surprisingly, these studies have raised the notion that a major portion of lipid-sensing nuclear receptor cistromes are not necessarily responsive to ligand activation. Although the biological role of the ligand insensitive portion of nuclear receptor cistromes is largely unknown, recent findings indicate that they may play roles in the organization of chromatin structure, in the regulation of transcriptional memory, and the epigenomic modification of responsiveness to other microenvironmental signals in macrophages. In this review, we will provide an overview and discuss recent advances of our understanding of lipid-activated nuclear receptor-mediated non-classical or unorthodox actions in macrophages.

scholarly journals The Role of Lipid Sensing Nuclear Receptors (PPARs and LXR) and Metabolic Lipases in Obesity, Diabetes and NAFLD

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Emmanuel D. Dixon ◽  
Alexander D. Nardo ◽  
Thierry Claudel ◽  
Michael Trauner
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Organ Manifestations ◽  
Lipid Sensing ◽  
Metabolic Inflexibility ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are metabolic disorders characterized by metabolic inflexibility with multiple pathological organ manifestations, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Nuclear receptors are ligand-dependent transcription factors with a multifaceted role in controlling many metabolic activities, such as regulation of genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism and modulation of inflammatory genes. The activity of nuclear receptors is key in maintaining metabolic flexibility. Their activity depends on the availability of endogenous ligands, like fatty acids or oxysterols, and their derivatives produced by the catabolic action of metabolic lipases, most of which are under the control of nuclear receptors. For example, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is activated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and conversely releases fatty acids as ligands for PPARα, therefore, demonstrating the interdependency of nuclear receptors and lipases. The diverse biological functions and importance of nuclear receptors in metabolic syndrome and NAFLD has led to substantial effort to target them therapeutically. This review summarizes recent findings on the roles of lipases and selected nuclear receptors, PPARs, and liver X receptor (LXR) in obesity, diabetes, and NAFLD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document