Fluorescently labeled collagen binding proteins allow specific visualization of collagen in tissues and live cell culture

2006 ◽  
Vol 350 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katy Nash Krahn ◽  
Carlijn V.C. Bouten ◽  
Sjoerd van Tuijl ◽  
Marc A.M.J. van Zandvoort ◽  
Maarten Merkx
2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Avilés-Reyes ◽  
J.H. Miller ◽  
J.A. Lemos ◽  
J. Abranches

2015 ◽  
Vol 197 (23) ◽  
pp. 3720-3730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Danger ◽  
Nishanth Makthal ◽  
Muthiah Kumaraswami ◽  
Paul Sumby

ABSTRACTThe group AStreptococcus(GAS;Streptococcus pyogenes) causes more than 700 million human infections each year. The success of this pathogen can be traced in part to the extensive arsenal of virulence factors that are available for expression in temporally and spatially specific manners. To modify the expression of these virulence factors, GAS use both protein- and RNA-based regulators, with the best-characterized RNA-based regulator being the small regulatory RNA (sRNA) FasX. FasX is a 205-nucleotide sRNA that contributes to GAS virulence by enhancing the expression of the thrombolytic secreted virulence factor streptokinase and by repressing the expression of the collagen-binding cell surface pili. Here, we have expanded the FasX regulon, showing that this sRNA also negatively regulates the expression of the adhesion- and internalization-promoting, fibronectin-binding proteins PrtF1 and PrtF2. FasX posttranscriptionally regulates the expression of PrtF1/2 through a mechanism that involves base pairing to theprtF1andprtF2mRNAs within their 5′ untranslated regions, overlapping the mRNA ribosome-binding sites. Thus, duplex formation between FasX and theprtF1andprtF2mRNAs blocks ribosome access, leading to an inhibition of mRNA translation. Given that FasX positively regulates the expression of the spreading factor streptokinase and negatively regulates the expression of the collagen-binding pili and of the fibronectin-binding PrtF1/2, our data are consistent with FasX functioning as a molecular switch that governs the transition of GAS between the colonization and dissemination stages of infection.IMPORTANCEMore than half a million deaths each year are a consequence of infections caused by GAS. Insights into how this pathogen regulates the production of proteins during infection may facilitate the development of novel therapeutic or preventative regimens aimed at inhibiting this activity. Here, we have expanded insight into the regulatory activity of the GAS small RNA FasX. In addition to identifying that FasX reduces the abundance of the cell surface-located fibronectin-binding proteins PrtF1/2, fibronectin is present in high abundance in human tissues, and we have determined the mechanism behind this regulation. Importantly, as FasX is the only mechanistically characterized regulatory RNA in GAS, it serves as a model RNA in this and related pathogens.


1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 695-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Shambaugh ◽  
J. A. Radosevich ◽  
R. P. Glick ◽  
D. S. Gu ◽  
B. E. Metzger ◽  
...  

2004 ◽  
Vol 108 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertha Jiménez-Delgadillo ◽  
Partha P. Chaudhuri ◽  
Lidia Baylón-Pacheco ◽  
Aracely López-Monteon ◽  
Patricia Talamás-Rohana ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 844-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taro Misaki ◽  
Shuhei Naka ◽  
Keiko Kuroda ◽  
Ryota Nomura ◽  
Tempei Shiooka ◽  
...  

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