Functional Analysis of Periplakin and Envoplakin, Cytoskeletal Linkers, and Cornified Envelope Precursor Proteins

2016 ◽  
pp. 309-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Boczonadi ◽  
Arto Määttä
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Cornified Envelope ◽  
Precursor Proteins

scholarly journals Functional Analysis of the GPI Transamidase Complex by Screening for Amino Acid Mutations in Each Subunit

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 5462
Author(s):  
Si-Si Liu ◽  
Fei Jin ◽  
Yi-Shi Liu ◽  
Yoshiko Murakami ◽  
Yukihiko Sugita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Posttranslational Modification ◽  
Homologous Proteins ◽  
Gpi Anchor ◽  
Purification Method ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Precursor Proteins ◽  
Amino Acid Mutations ◽  
Gpi Transamidase ◽  
Particle Images

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor modification is a posttranslational modification of proteins that has been conserved in eukaryotes. The biosynthesis and transfer of GPI to proteins are carried out in the endoplasmic reticulum. Attachment of GPI to proteins is mediated by the GPI-transamidase (GPI-TA) complex, which recognizes and cleaves the C-terminal GPI attachment signal of precursor proteins. Then, GPI is transferred to the newly exposed C-terminus of the proteins. GPI-TA consists of five subunits: PIGK, GPAA1, PIGT, PIGS, and PIGU, and the absence of any subunit leads to the loss of activity. Here, we analyzed functionally important residues of the five subunits of GPI-TA by comparing conserved sequences among homologous proteins. In addition, we optimized the purification method for analyzing the structure of GPI-TA. Using purified GPI-TA, preliminary single particle images were obtained. Our results provide guidance for the structural and functional analysis of GPI-TA.

Structure of contact sites between the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes investigated by HVEM tomography

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 966-967
Author(s):  
C.A. Mannella ◽  
K.F. Buttle ◽  
K.A. O‘Farrell ◽  
A. Leith ◽  
M. Marko
Keyword(s):  
Liver Mitochondrion ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Mitochondrial Membranes ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Contact Sites ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Precursor Proteins ◽  
Membrane Contacts ◽  
And Function

Early transmission electron microscopy of plastic-embedded, thin-sectioned mitochondria indicated that there are numerous junctions between the outer and inner membranes of this organelle. More recent studies have suggested that the mitochondrial membrane contacts may be the site of protein complexes engaged in specialized functions, e.g., import of mitochondrial precursor proteins, adenine nucleotide channeling, and even intermembrane signalling. It has been suggested that the intermembrane contacts may be sites of membrane fusion involving non-bilayer lipid domains in the two membranes. However, despite growing interest in the nature and function of intramitochondrial contact sites, little is known about their structure.We are using electron microscopic tomography with the Albany HVEM to determine the internal organization of mitochondria. We have reconstructed a 0.6-μm section through an isolated, plasticembedded rat-liver mitochondrion by combining 123 projections collected by tilting (+/- 70°) around two perpendicular tilt axes. The resulting 3-D image has confirmed the basic inner-membrane organization inferred from lower-resolution reconstructions obtained from single-axis tomography.

Case Formulation and Design of Behavioral Treatment Programs

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen N. Haynes ◽  
Andrew E. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Case Formulation ◽  
Functional Relations ◽  
Causal Variables

Summary: We review the rationale for behavioral clinical case formulations and emphasize the role of the functional analysis in the design of individualized treatments. Standardized treatments may not be optimally effective for clients who have multiple behavior problems. These problems can affect each other in complex ways and each behavior problem can be influenced by multiple, interacting causal variables. The mechanisms of action of standardized treatments may not always address the most important causal variables for a client's behavior problems. The functional analysis integrates judgments about the client's behavior problems, important causal variables, and functional relations among variables. The functional analysis aids treatment decisions by helping the clinician estimate the relative magnitude of effect of each causal variable on the client's behavior problems, so that the most effective treatments can be selected. The parameters of, and issues associated with, a functional analysis and Functional Analytic Clinical Case Models (FACCM) are illustrated with a clinical case. The task of selecting the best treatment for a client is complicated because treatments differ in their level of specificity and have unequally weighted mechanisms of action. Further, a treatment's mechanism of action is often unknown.

The Social Order Yields to Functional Analysis

1958 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 158-160
Author(s):  
LAWRENCE SCHLESINGER
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Social Order ◽  
The Social

A Functional Analysis of Reinforcement Within a Social System

1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Leve ◽  
Lydia Burdick ◽  
Patricia Fontaine
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Social System

Column functional analysis and causal cognitive assessment

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Tamburello ◽  
Paolo Scapellato ◽  
Anna Contardi ◽  
Ettore De Monte ◽  
Loredana Rosiello
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Assessment
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document