scholarly journals Genetic regulation of sex determination and maintenance in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2019 ◽  
pp. 119-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle E. Kossack ◽  
Bruce W. Draper
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Genetic Regulation

scholarly journals Sex Determination and Sex Differentiation

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
G. B. Protyusha ◽  
Sivapathasundharam B.
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Defining Moment ◽  
Sexual Determination

Sex determination is arguably the most defining moment of our lives, the point where we inherit X or Y chromosome from our father. This initiates a cascade of events that sets in a train of morphological changes, genetic regulations and molecular mechanisms. Following this, our fate is further sealed during sex differentiation and gonadal development owing to the action of sex-specific gonadal hormones. Therefore, the profoundly divergent journeys of male and female lives are decided just by the toss of a genetic coin. The existence of a third gender is also an undeniable aspect of our society. The understanding of the functioning and genetic regulation of the complex process of sexual determination and differentiation is pivotal in comprehension of the basis of human life. Any deviation from the usual mechanisms in the critical stages of development leads to disorders of sexual differentiation leading to sexual ambiguity among individuals. This review discusses the mechanisms that contribute to female and male sex determination and gonadal development, in an attempt to understand the basics of human sex.

scholarly journals Identification of genomic regions regulating sex determination in Atlantic salmon using high density SNP data

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Gabián ◽  
Paloma Morán ◽  
Ana I. Fernández ◽  
Beatriz Villanueva ◽  
Amel Chtioui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Sexual Determination ◽  
Heritability Analysis ◽  
Candidate Regions

Abstract Background A complete understanding of the genetic basis for sexual determination and differentiation is necessary in order to implement efficient breeding schemes at early stages of development. Atlantic salmon belongs to the family Salmonidae of fishes and represents a species of great commercial value. Although the species is assumed to be male heterogametic with XY sex determination, the precise genetic basis of sexual development remains unclear. The complexity is likely associated to the relatively recent salmonid specific whole genome duplication that may be responsible for certain genome instability. This instability together with the capacity of the sex-determining gene to move across the genome as reported by previous studies, may explain that sexual development genes are not circumscribed to the same chromosomes in all members of the species. In this study, we have used a 220 K SNP panel developed for Atlantic salmon to identify the chromosomes explaining the highest proportion of the genetic variance for sex as well as candidate regions and genes associated to sexual development in this species. Results Results from regional heritability analysis showed that the chromosomes explaining the highest proportion of variance in these populations were Ssa02 (heritability = 0.42, SE = 0.12) and Ssa21 (heritability = 0.26, SE = 0.11). After pruning by linkage disequilibrium, genome-wide association analyses revealed 114 SNPs that were significantly associated with sex, being Ssa02 the chromosome containing a greatest number of regions. Close examination of the candidate regions evidenced important genes related to sex in other species of Class Actinopterygii, including SDY, genes from family SOX, RSPO1, ESR1, U2AF2A, LMO7, GNRH-R, DND and FIGLA. Conclusions The combined results from regional heritability analysis and genome-wide association have provided new advances in the knowledge of the genetic regulation of sex determination in Atlantic salmon, supporting that Ssa02 is the candidate chromosome for sex in this species and suggesting an alternative population lineage in Spanish wild populations according to the results from Ssa21.

Genetic regulation of maize flower development and sex determination

Planta ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 245 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinglin Li ◽  
Baoshen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Genetic Regulation

Local interaction rules and collective motion in black neon tetra (Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi) and zebrafish (Danio rerio).

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicenç Quera ◽  
Elisabet Gimeno ◽  
Francesc S. Beltran ◽  
Ruth Dolado
Keyword(s):  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Collective Motion ◽  
Local Interaction

Sex determination banned in India

Nature ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 379 (6562) ◽  
pp. 201-201
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination

Sex determination and Y chromosome constitutive heterochromatin

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Abyt Ibraimov
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Secondary Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Biological Meaning ◽  
Heterochromatin Block ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Efficient Elimination

In many animals, including us, the genetic sex is determined at fertilization by sex chromosomes. Seemingly, the sex determination (SD) in human and animals is determined by the amount of constitutive heterochromatin on Y chromosome via cell thermoregulation. It is assumed the medulla and cortex tissue cells in the undifferentiated embryonic gonads (UEG) differ in vulnerability to the increase of the intracellular temperature. If the amount of the Y chromosome constitutive heterochromatin is enough for efficient elimination of heat difference between the nucleus and cytoplasm in rapidly growing UEG cells the medulla tissue survives. Otherwise it doomed to degeneration and a cortex tissue will remain in the UEG. Regardless of whether our assumption is true or not, it remains an open question why on Y chromosome there is a large constitutive heterochromatin block? What is its biological meaning? Does it relate to sex determination, sex differentiation and development of secondary sexual characteristics? If so, what is its mechanism: chemical or physical? There is no scientifically sound answer to these questions.

SEX DETERMINATION OF FETUS PRENATAL FROM MATERNAL PLASMA BY USING DUPLEX PCR TECHNIQUE IN GOAT

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
A NisreenYasirJasim ◽  
Tahir A. Fahid ◽  
Talib Ahmed Jaayid
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Duplex Pcr
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