Geometrical Optics

2019 ◽  
pp. 188-214
Author(s):  
B. D. Guenther
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Geometrical Optics ◽  
Paraxial Approximation ◽  
Cartesian Coordinate System ◽  
Lens System ◽  
Thin Lens ◽  
Aperture Stop ◽  
Sign Convention ◽  
Cartesian Coordinate

Discuss the limits imposed by the paraxial approximation. Define the sign convention based on the cartesian coordinate system, the foiundation of analytic geometery. Demonstrate ray tracing technique to derive the ABCD maxtrix which will generate both the gaussian and Newtonian form of the thin lens equation and the lens maker’s equation. The cardinal points of a lens are also derived. The ABCD matrix is used to explore the methods used in ray tracing to locate the aperture stop of a Cooke’s triplet lens system. In the problem set, the student is asked to use the aperture stop to locate the entrance and exit pupil of a Cooke’s triplet.

An Integral Imaging Three Dimensional Display Method Based on Aperture Stop Array

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 0910004
Author(s):  
刘尧 Liu Yao ◽  
邓欢 Deng Huan ◽  
罗成高 Luo Chenggao ◽  
王琼华 Wang Qionghua
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Integral Imaging ◽  
Aperture Stop ◽  
Three Dimensional Display

scholarly journals Coherent Multibeam Arrays Using a Cold Aperture Stop

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Henke ◽  
James Di Francesco ◽  
Lewis Knee ◽  
Stephane Claude
Keyword(s):  
Aperture Stop

A Computational Aperture Stop for Optical Fiber Bundles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antony Orth ◽  
Martin Ploschner ◽  
Emma R. Wilson ◽  
Ivan Maksymov ◽  
Brant C. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Aperture Stop

Determining the responsivity of microbolometer FPA using variable optical aperture stop

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Bieszczad ◽  
Sławomir Gogler ◽  
Tomasz Sosnowski ◽  
Henryk Madura ◽  
Juliusz Kucharz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aperture Stop ◽  
Optical Aperture

scholarly journals Miniscope3D: optimized single-shot miniature 3D fluorescence microscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyrollos Yanny ◽  
Nick Antipa ◽  
William Liberti ◽  
Sam Dehaeck ◽  
Kristina Monakhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Mask ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Axial Resolution ◽  
Aperture Stop ◽  
Neural Imaging ◽  
Standard Tool ◽  
3D Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Motion Studies ◽  
3D Volume

Abstract Miniature fluorescence microscopes are a standard tool in systems biology. However, widefield miniature microscopes capture only 2D information, and modifications that enable 3D capabilities increase the size and weight and have poor resolution outside a narrow depth range. Here, we achieve the 3D capability by replacing the tube lens of a conventional 2D Miniscope with an optimized multifocal phase mask at the objective’s aperture stop. Placing the phase mask at the aperture stop significantly reduces the size of the device, and varying the focal lengths enables a uniform resolution across a wide depth range. The phase mask encodes the 3D fluorescence intensity into a single 2D measurement, and the 3D volume is recovered by solving a sparsity-constrained inverse problem. We provide methods for designing and fabricating the phase mask and an efficient forward model that accounts for the field-varying aberrations in miniature objectives. We demonstrate a prototype that is 17 mm tall and weighs 2.5 grams, achieving 2.76 μm lateral, and 15 μm axial resolution across most of the 900 × 700 × 390 μm3 volume at 40 volumes per second. The performance is validated experimentally on resolution targets, dynamic biological samples, and mouse brain tissue. Compared with existing miniature single-shot volume-capture implementations, our system is smaller and lighter and achieves a more than 2× better lateral and axial resolution throughout a 10× larger usable depth range. Our microscope design provides single-shot 3D imaging for applications where a compact platform matters, such as volumetric neural imaging in freely moving animals and 3D motion studies of dynamic samples in incubators and lab-on-a-chip devices.

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