Role of the cholesterol hydroxyl group in the chemical exchange saturation transfer signal at −1.6 ppm

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu‐Chi Chang ◽  
Hong‐Qing Liu ◽  
Jung‐Hsuan Chang ◽  
Yu‐Yen Chang ◽  
Eugene C. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Exchange ◽  
Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Saturation Transfer ◽  
Transfer Signal

scholarly journals Comparative Study of DDS with Different Types of Phase Accumulators

Inventions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Oleksiy Polikarovskykh ◽  
Lesia Karpova ◽  
Ihor Hula ◽  
Vasyl Melnychuk
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Block Length ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Output Frequency ◽  
Direct Digital Synthesizer ◽  
Transfer Delay ◽  
Variable Block ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Parallel Transfer ◽  
Transfer Signal

The paper deals with the problems of delayed transfer signals in the direct digital synthesizer (DDS) phase accumulator adders. Transfer delay is one of the factors that affect the maximum output frequency of the DDS synthesizer. The main types of adders used in DDS synthesizers are described. Separately, attention was paid to the adder with a consistent transfer of the transfer signal, adders with a transmission carry signal with a fixed block length, adders with a signal transmission delay with a variable block length, and a mathematical analysis of the origin and duration of the delay of the transfer signal in them. It was found that the use of a transfer adder with a variable length of a block in the core of a direct digital synthesizer would increase the maximum output frequency by 2.4 times compared to the adder with a parallel transfer, and by 1.43 times as compared with the adder with a fixed length the block.

scholarly journals NH2-terminal substitutions of basic amino acids induce translocation across the microsomal membrane and glycosylation of rabbit cytochrome P450IIC2.

1989 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 1237-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Szczesna-Skorupa ◽  
B Kemper
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Proteolytic Processing ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Hydrophobic Core ◽  
Proteolytic Digestion ◽  
Basic Amino Acids ◽  
Microsomal Membranes ◽  
Transfer Signal

Insertion of rabbit cytochrome P450IIC2 and its modified form, [2-lys,3-arg]P450IIC2, into microsomal membranes was studied in an in vitro transcription/translation/translocation system. Cytochrome P450IIC2, synthesized in the presence of chicken oviduct microsomal membranes, was resistant to extraction by alkaline solutions, but was sensitive to proteolytic digestion. In contrast, when [2-lys,3-arg]-P450IIC2 was synthesized in the presence of membranes, two new species migrating more slowly during gel electrophoresis were observed. After treatment with endoglycosidase H, the more slowly migrating species comigrated with [2-lys,3-arg]P450IIC2 synthesized in the absence of membranes, indicating that the proteins had been glycosylated. Both the glycosylated and nonglycosylated forms of [2-lys,3-arg]P450IIC2 were resistant to proteolytic digestion and to extraction from the membranes by alkaline solutions. Similar results were obtained for a truncated species, [2-lys,3-arg]P450IIC2(1-55), except that only a single glycosylated species was observed, consistent with the single remaining glycosylation site. In contrast to the proteolytic processing observed previously in a hybrid [2-lys,3-arg]P450IIC2/parathyroid hormone protein, little or no cleavage of the NH2-terminal peptide of [2-lys,3-arg]P450IIC2 was observed in the presence of membranes. Since cleavage in the hybrid protein occurred after glycine 25, which is derived from [2-lys,3-arg]P450IIC2, cytochrome P450 sequences COOH terminal to the cleavage site must decrease cleavage efficiency. These results demonstrate that cytochrome P450, which is normally localized on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane, can be entirely translocated to the luminal side when two basic amino acids precede the hydrophobic core of its NH2-terminal insertion/stop-transfer signal. None of the several internal hydrophobic regions of cytochrome P450, previously proposed as membrane spanning, function as a stop-transfer signal.

scholarly journals Antigout Effects of Plantago asiatica: Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activities Assessed by Electrochemical Biosensing Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Xiang Zeng ◽  
Juan Wang ◽  
Shou-Wen Zhang ◽  
Ji-Xiao Zhu ◽  
Min Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Myristic Acid ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensing ◽  
Plantago Asiatica ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Transfer Signal ◽  
Plantaginis Semen

The XOD inhibitory effects of Plantaginis Semen, that is, the seeds of P. asiatisca, and its representative four single compounds, acteoside, 1H-indolo-3-carbaldehyde, isoacteoside, and myristic acid, were evaluated by electron transfer signal blocking activities (ETSBA), which is based on the electron transfer signal of XOD enzymatic reaction. The blocking activities were detected using an electrochemical biosensing method. Compared with control, significant effects were observed after the addition of P. asiatica extract, acteoside, and 1H-indolo-3-carbaldehyde (all p<0.05). The IC50 values of the extract and acteoside are 89.14 and 7.55 μg·mL−1, respectively. The IC20 values of the extract, acteoside, and 1H-indolo-3-carbaldehyde are 24.28, 3.88, and 16.16 μg·mL−1, respectively. Due to the relatively lower inhibitory potential of 1H-indolo-3-carbaldehyde, its IC50 was not obtained. In addition, isoacteoside and myristic acid did not show any XOD inhibitory effects. Our data demonstrated that the XOD inhibitory effects of the extract, acteoside, and 1H-indolo-3-carbaldehyde can be accurately evaluated by the ETSBA method. The results from this study indicated that Plantaginis Semen significantly inhibited XOD activities to reduce hyperuricemia and treat gout. The study also proves that measuring the electron transfer signal blocking activities is a simple, sensitive, and accurate method to evaluate the XOD inhibitory effects.

Collisional Transfer of Rotational Energy in Mixtures of Methanol with Ne, Ar, and D2

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (23) ◽  
pp. 2617-2621
Author(s):  
S. S. Haque ◽  
R. M. Lees
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Double Resonance ◽  
Rotational Energy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Transfer Signal

Steady state microwave double resonance experiments are reported for dilute mixtures of CH3OH in excess Ne, Ar, and D2. The results for Ne and Ar are, in general, similar to previous results for He, and those for D2 to H2, with both classes of collision partners displaying a decrease in collisional transfer signal with increasing mass of the partner. A simple qualitative analysis indicates that the ratios between the rates of different types of collision-induced transitions are quite similar for the members of a class. For He, Ne, and Ar, the rate constant for Δk = 0 transitions is of the order of 8 times that for a Δk = ±1 transition, while for H2 and D2 the ratio is about 4.

Generation method of line transfer signal in TDI CCD panorama aerial camera

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 844-849
Author(s):  
Qingjun Li ◽  
Zhiming Liu ◽  
Xuefei Zhang ◽  
Zhengping Xu
Keyword(s):  
Line Transfer ◽  
Transfer Signal

On the Analysis of Steady State Microwave Double Resonance Experiments: Level Degeneracies and M Dependence

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (23) ◽  
pp. 2593-2605 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Lees
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Double Resonance ◽  
Rotational Energy ◽  
Level System ◽  
First Order ◽  
Absolute Agreement ◽  
Transfer Signal ◽  
Collisional Rate ◽  
Dipolar Model

The analysis of data on collisional transfer of rotational energy obtained by the technique of steady state four-level microwave double resonance is reviewed, with emphasis on the roles of the spatial degeneracies of the levels and the M dependence of their populations. Exact expressions are given for the collisional transfer signal in a general four-level system, with the level degeneracies included rigorously, and with M dependent and M independent contributions formally separated. The possible effects of the M dependence are illustrated for several test systems of CH3OH, with the use of a simplified first-order dipolar model for the collisional rate constants. Collisional transfer signals calculated with this model for a number of CH3OH systems are in reasonable relative agreement with observed values, but in poor absolute agreement. It is suggested that the latter feature may be due to neglect of higher-order transitions in the simple dipolar model.

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