Origin of modern humans in East Asia: clues from the Y chromosome

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Shi ◽  
Bing Su
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Origin Of Modern Humans

scholarly journals Ancient Y chromosomes confirm origin of modern human paternal lineages in Asia rather than Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyao Chen ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Shi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Actual Existence ◽  
Y Chromosomes ◽  
Competing Models

AbstractAnalyses of Y chromosome variations of extant people have resulted in two models for the paternal phylogenetic tree of modern humans with roots either in Africa or East Asia. These two trees are differentiated mainly by when and where their mega-haplogroups branched apart. This paper examines previously published Y chromosome sequencing data of 17 ancient samples to compare these two competing models. As ancient samples have had less time to evolve, they are expected to have mutated in some, but not all, of the sites that define present day haplogroups to which they belong. Indeed, most of the ancient DNAs here showed that expected pattern for both the terminal and the basal haplogroups to which they belong, all of the ones which are non-controversial or considered real by both of the two competing models followed that pattern. However, for basal haplogroups not shared by the two models, such expected pattern could be observed only if the haplogroups specific to the Asia rather than the Africa model are real, including ABCDE, ABDE, AB, A00-A1b. Another important point is that, if the mega-haplogroups of the Africa model were real, including BT, CT, CF and F, it would mean that numerous alleles would be shared between these haplogroups and several ancient A1b1b2 samples, which is unexpected and unseen in present day samples. Sharing alleles like this would also violate the infinite site assumption that makes the Africa rooting possible in the first place. Therefore, the data from ancient Y chromosomes confirm the actual existence of the haplogroups specific to the Asia model.

What Can the Y Chromosome Tell Us about the Origin of Modern Humans?

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Tyler-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Pseudoautosomal Region ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Homology Region ◽  
Genetic History ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
Origin Of Modern Humans

This chapter outlines the peculiar genetic history and population characteristics of the Y chromosome, including the interaction with the X. The small size of the Y and its sex-limited transmission make it at first sight an unlikely vehicle for the determining characteristic of the species. Human and ape Y lineages are generally believed to have split about 5–7 million years ago, while extant human Y lineages trace back to a common ancestor that probably lived between 40 and 200 thousand years ago. Between these dates, two substantial segments of DNA on the Y chromosome were duplicated on the Y: the Yq pseudoautosomal region and the Xq/Yp homology region. The former does not contain any good candidate speciation genes but the latter may. The Xq-Yp transposition probably occurred soon after the ape-human split and, at the same time or subsequently, was divided in two by an inversion.

scholarly journals Extended Y Chromosome Investigation Suggests Postglacial Migrations of Modern Humans into East Asia via the Northern Route

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 717-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Zhong ◽  
H. Shi ◽  
X.-B. Qi ◽  
Z.-Y. Duan ◽  
P.-P. Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Modern Humans

scholarly journals Initial Upper Palaeolithic humans in Europe had recent Neanderthal ancestry

Nature ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 592 (7853) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateja Hajdinjak ◽  
Fabrizio Mafessoni ◽  
Laurits Skov ◽  
Benjamin Vernot ◽  
Alexander Hübner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Human Migration ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genome Wide Data

AbstractModern humans appeared in Europe by at least 45,000 years ago1–5, but the extent of their interactions with Neanderthals, who disappeared by about 40,000 years ago6, and their relationship to the broader expansion of modern humans outside Africa are poorly understood. Here we present genome-wide data from three individuals dated to between 45,930 and 42,580 years ago from Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria1,2. They are the earliest Late Pleistocene modern humans known to have been recovered in Europe so far, and were found in association with an Initial Upper Palaeolithic artefact assemblage. Unlike two previously studied individuals of similar ages from Romania7 and Siberia8 who did not contribute detectably to later populations, these individuals are more closely related to present-day and ancient populations in East Asia and the Americas than to later west Eurasian populations. This indicates that they belonged to a modern human migration into Europe that was not previously known from the genetic record, and provides evidence that there was at least some continuity between the earliest modern humans in Europe and later people in Eurasia. Moreover, we find that all three individuals had Neanderthal ancestors a few generations back in their family history, confirming that the first European modern humans mixed with Neanderthals and suggesting that such mixing could have been common.

scholarly journals A Middle Palaeolithic burial of a modern human at Taramsa Hill, Egypt

Antiquity ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (277) ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Vermeersch ◽  
E. Paulissen ◽  
P. Van Peer ◽  
S. Stokes ◽  
C. Charlier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Nile Valley ◽  
Middle Palaeolithic ◽  
African Origin ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Origin Of Modern Humans ◽  
Clear Relation ◽  
Aeolian Sands

Discussion about a possible African origin of modern humans is hampered by the lack of Late Pleistocene skeletal material from the Nile valley, the likely passage-way from East Africa to Asia and Europe. Here we report the discovery of a burial of an anatomically modern child from southern Egypt. Its clear relation with Middle Palaeolithic chert extraction activities and a series of OSL dates, from correlative aeolian sands, suggests an age between 49,800 and 80,400 years ago, with a mean age of 55,000.

Energetics and the Origin of Modern Humans

2013 ◽  
pp. 285-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Froehle ◽  
Todd R. Yokley ◽  
Steven E. Churchill
Keyword(s):  
Modern Humans ◽  
Origin Of Modern Humans
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