scholarly journals Basilar Membrane Vibrations Near the Round Window of the Gerbil Cochlea

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward H. Overstreet ◽  
Andrei N. Temchin ◽  
Mario A. Ruggero
Keyword(s):  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Membrane Vibrations

Finite Element Model of Human Cochlea Considering of the Helicotrema Size

2013 ◽  
Vol 456 ◽  
pp. 576-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Fu Xu ◽  
Na Ta ◽  
Zhu Shi Rao ◽  
Jia Bin Tian
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Oval Window ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Cochlear Duct ◽  
Human Cochlea ◽  
Set Up

A 2-D finite element model of human cochlea is established in this paper. This model includes the structure of oval window, round window, basilar membrane and cochlear duct which is filled with fluid. The basilar membrane responses are calculated with sound input on the oval window membrane. In order to study the effects of helicotrema on basilar membrane response, three different helicotrema dimensions are set up in the FE model. A two-way fluid-structure interaction numerical method is used to compute the responses in the cochlea. The influence of the helicotrema is acquired and the frequency selectivity of the basilar membrane motion along the cochlear duct is predicted. These results agree with the experiments and indicate much better results are obtained with appropriate helicotrema size.

Influence of ossicular chain malformation on the performance of round-window stimulation: A finite element approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (5) ◽  
pp. 584-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houguang Liu ◽  
Hu Zhang ◽  
Jianhua Yang ◽  
Xinsheng Huang ◽  
Wen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Ossicular Chain ◽  
Asymmetric Structure ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Stapes Fixation

As a novel application of implantable middle ear hearing device, round-window stimulation is widely used to treat hearing loss with middle ear disease, such as ossicular chain malformation. To evaluate the influence of ossicular chain malformations on the efficiency of the round-window stimulation, a human ear finite element model, which incorporates cochlear asymmetric structure, was constructed. Five groups of comparison with experimental data confirmed the model’s validity. Based on this model, we investigated the influence of three categories of ossicular chain malformations, that is, incudostapedial disconnection, incus and malleus fixation, and fixation of the stapes. These malformations’ effects were evaluated by comparing the equivalent sound pressures derived from the basilar membrane displacement. Results show that the studied ossicular chain malformations mainly affected the round-window simulation’s performance at low frequencies. In contrast to the fixation of the ossicles, which mainly deteriorates round-window simulation’s low-frequency performance, incudostapedial disconnection increases this performance, especially in the absence of incus process and stapes superstructure. Among the studied ossicular chain malformations, the stapes fixation has a much more severe impact on the round-window stimulation’s efficiency. Thus, the influence of the patients’ ossicular chain malformations should be considered in the design of the round-window stimulation’s actuator. The low-frequency output of the round-window simulation’s actuator should be enhanced, especially for treating the patients with stapes fixation.

Possibilities for a Silicon Model of the Cochlea

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Steele ◽  
Alissa Fitzgerald ◽  
Thomas Kenny ◽  
Kian-Meng Lim ◽  
Sunil Puria
Keyword(s):  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Actual Structure ◽  
Distributed Sensors ◽  
Device Development ◽  
Cochlear Partition ◽  
Fixed Input ◽  
Fundamental Physical

Abstract The purpose of this study is to resolve questions regarding the fundamental physical behavior of the cochlea of the inner ear. We seek a convergence of measurement and computation on physical models that capture essential features. Since there are unique features in the performance of the cochlea, the physical models could lead to device development. A much longer-term goal is a device for the assistance of hearing impaired individuals. The cochlea can be modeled as a tube of fluid divided by a partition, a portion of which is elastic and called the basilar membrane (BM). In preliminary work, the cochlear partition is constructed on a silicon wafer using current capabilities for micro-machining. The silicon nitride partition is inserted into a chamber of Plexiglas which is filled with solute and has a “stapes” for acoustic input and a “round window”. The silicon BM has the correct length, but is wider and isotropic. The measurements, supported by calculations, show that the deviation from the actual structure has a detrimental effect on the sharpness of the spatial distribution of the response for a fixed input frequency. Possibilities for improved models and for an active non-linear model with distributed sensors and actuators are discussed.

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