Risperidone in idiopathic and symptomatic dystonia: preliminary experience

E. Grassi; S. Latorraca; S. Piacentini; P. Marini; S. Sorbi

doi:10.1007/s100720070108

Risperidone in idiopathic and symptomatic dystonia: preliminary experience

Neurological Sciences ◽

10.1007/s100720070108 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 121-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

E. Grassi ◽

S. Latorraca ◽

S. Piacentini ◽

P. Marini ◽

S. Sorbi

Keyword(s):

Symptomatic Dystonia

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Symptomatic Dystonia: Clinical Profile of 46 Brazilian Patients

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/s0317167100041718 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 504-507 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Henrique B. Ferraz ◽

Luiz Augusto F. Andrade

Keyword(s):

Muscle Contraction ◽

Older Age ◽

Cerebral Injury ◽

Clinical Profile ◽

Age Group ◽

Mitochondrial Cytopathy ◽

Cranial Trauma ◽

Tardive Dystonia ◽

Younger Age ◽

Symptomatic Dystonia

ABSTRACT:Dystonia is a syndrome characterized by sustained muscle contraction, provoking twisting and repeti-tive movements or abnormal postures. It may be classified according to etiology, as idiopathic or symptomatic. We studied 122 Brazilian patients with a dystonic syndrome. Of these, 46 (37.7%) had symptomatic dystonia. The most frequent cause was tardive dystonia (34.8%) followed by perinatal cerebral injury (30.4%). Other causes were stroke (13.0%), encephalitis (6.5%) and Wilson’s disease (4.3%). Cranial trauma, mitochondrial cytopathy and psychogenic, were the least frequent causes with one patient in each category. The etiology in two patients could not be established. Perinatal cerebral injury and postencephalitic dystonia were seen in the younger age group, while post-stroke and tardive dystonia were seen in the older age group.

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Clinical-pathomorphological correlation in patients with symptomatic dystonias

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh0206183i ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 130 (5-6) ◽

pp. 183-188

Author(s):

Natasa Ivanovic ◽

Marina Svetel ◽

Dusko Kozic ◽

Robert Semnic ◽

Vladimir Kostic

Keyword(s):

Degenerative Diseases ◽

Toxic Agents ◽

Segmental Dystonia ◽

Lenticular Nucleus ◽

Generalized Dystonia ◽

Structural Lesion ◽

Hand Dystonia ◽

Symptomatic Dystonia ◽

Indirect Perception ◽

Idiopathic Dystonia

Symptomatic dystonia can be the result of various metabolic, degenerative diseases, the consumption of certain medications or exposure to toxic agents. However, only symptomatic dystonia with focal structural lesion provides a significant "window" for, at least indirect, perception of aetiopa-thogenesis and pathomorphological substratum of idiopathic dystonia. Our study included 57 patients with symptomatic dystonia, which as a base had focal or multifocal lesions, of whom 7 patients had generalized dystonia, 18 hemidystonia, 6 segmental dystonia, 7 torticollis, 6 blepharospasm, 7 hand dystonia, 3 spasmodic dysphonia, and 3 had oromandibular dystonia. Stroke was highly statistically the most frequent cause of structural lesions (33/57 or 58%). Relevant pathomorphological changes were present in 50/57 (88%) patients, of whom 25 (50%) had lesion in the lenticular nucleus (including individual damage of the putamen and globus pallidus), 12/50 (24%) had damage of the thalamus and 6/50 (12%) had damage of the brainstem. Generalized dystonia was most frequently associated with bilateral lesion of the putamen, hemidystonia with lesion of contralateral putamen, torticollis with damage of the caudate nucleus, hand dystonia with lesion of the thalamus and blepharospasm with lesion of the upper brainstem.

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