Implementation of a quality system in a clinical laboratory - Evaluation of quality indicators

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 182-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Siloaho ◽  
E. Puhakainen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Quality System ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation

Study of Toll-like Receptor 3 Gene Polymorphism as a Novel Risk Factor for HCV-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimaa EL-Sharawy ◽  
Osama El- Sayed Negm ◽  
Sherief Abd-Elsalam ◽  
Hesham Ahmed EL-Sorogy ◽  
Mona Ahmed Helmy Shehata
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Focal Lesions ◽  
Tlr3 Gene ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

Background & Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive cancer with few treatment options. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) plays a key role in innate immunity and may affect the development of cancers. This study aimed to investigate the association between TLR3 gene polymorphism and HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma in Egypt. Methods: This work was conducted on 70 individuals; fifty HCV cirrhotic patients were included in two groups; with HCC (30 patients) and without HCC (20 patients) compared with a group of 20 apparently healthy controls. All of the studied individuals underwent clinical-laboratory evaluation. TLR3 gene single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (+1234C/T) was tested by polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: This study reported that the prevalence of TLR3 +1234TT genotype was significantly increased in cirrhotic patients with HCC than without HCC, while it was not detected at all among the controls. When analyzing the TLR3 SNP +1234C/T with different clinical parameters in HCC patients, there was a significant association between+1234C/T SNP; namely TT genotype and each of the hepatic focal lesions᾽ number, size and the patients᾽ higher Okuda and BCLC stages. No association could be detected between TLR3 SNP and the age, sex, Child-Pugh grades, MELD score or AFP of the studied HCC cases. Conclusion: TLR3 gene SN P +1234C/T could be a novel risk factor for the HCV-related HCC among the Egyptian population.

Pre-clinical laboratory evaluation of the new ‘AF’ arterial line filter range

Perfusion ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Yarham ◽  
John Mulholland
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Arterial Line ◽  
Experimental Conditions

Introduction: The presence of emboli was recognised relatively early in the history of open heart surgery. The emboli produced during cardiopulmonary bypass have the predisposition to distribute into, and ultimately obstruct, microvessels of all tissues. The Sorin Group has recently developed a new range of arterial line filters. Before the Sorin AF range of filters was released for pre-launch clinical trials, our group performed in vitro laboratory testing of the AF range against a selection of commercially available filters on the global market. Results: The Sorin AF620 and AF640 demonstrate both the smallest prime volume and smallest surface contact area (92ml and 290cm2, respectively).The results of the GME Handling Efficiency experiments ranged by 39.6%, from 95.9% to 56.3%. In terms of an air bolus handling, the results of the Limit Bolus experiment ranged by 97ml, from 147.5ml down to 50ml. The pressure drop across all the filters was measured under steady state experimental conditions. All of the above investigations were considered against surface area and prime volume. Conclusion: It is clear from the results that some commercially available arterial line filters perform better than others, not only in overall performance, but also with regard to individual characteristics. Evaluating arterial line filters for hospital-specific use has to balance pressure drop, surface area, micro air handling, prime volume and gross air handling; all points need to be considered. In the AF620 and AF640, Sorin boast that they are the two smallest prime and smallest surface area filters commercially available on the global market. The Sorin AF filter range performs well in all of the areas we investigated and will be a competitive option for centres, irrespective of which characteristics they use to evaluate and select their arterial line filter.

The impact of leadership churn on quality management in Australian hospitals

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 809-820
Author(s):  
Sandra Leggat ◽  
Cathy Balding
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Quality System ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Governing Board ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between frequent turnover (churn) of the chief executive officer (CEO), quality manager and members of the governing board with the management of quality in eight Australian hospitals. Design/methodology/approach A mixed method three-year longitudinal study was conducted using validated quality system scales, quality indicators and focus groups involving over 800 board members, managers and clinical staff. Findings There were unexpected high levels of both governance and management churn over the three years. Churn among CEOs and quality managers was negatively associated with compliance in aspects of the quality system used to plan, monitor and improve quality of care. There was no relationship with the quality of care indicators. Staff identified lack of vision and changing priorities with high levels of churn, which they described as confusing and demotivating. There was no relationship with quality processes or quality indicators detected for churn among governing board members. Practical implications Governing boards must recognise the risks associated with management change and minimise these risks with robust clinical governance processes. Originality/value This research is the first that we are aware of that identifies the impact of frequent leadership turnover in the health sector on quality management.

The integrated blood-collection system as a vehicle into complete clinical laboratory automation

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1548-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
R L Columbus ◽  
H J Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Diagnostic Instrument ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Patient Identification ◽  
Plasma Extraction ◽  
Derivatives Of

Abstract A rationale is offered and methodology illustrated for integrating the fundamental steps involved in the collection and processing of blood for laboratory evaluation. The approach taken in the development of these concepts and components greatly extends the possibilities of laboratory systems integration without upsetting established modalities. A prototype design of the integrated blood-collection system integrates blood collection, cellular separations, sample transfer to stable storage without chemical mediators, and sample presentation for chemical analysis (e.g., precision metering) while preserving patient identification. A sophisticated, multi-chambered blood-collection container is the site of all blood sample processing and transfer steps. This device is supported by a compact, robotic centrifuge of unique design and a transfer mechanism to facilitate sample delivery for analysis within a diagnostic instrument. The confluence of these individual components into a single integrated system provides the means to completely automate the processing of blood samples, after sample collection, eliminating all manual transfer steps and any external exposure of blood interfaces outside the diagnostic instrument. Configurational derivatives of the Integrated Blood-Collection System offer choice of skin or venipuncture procedure, rapid plasma extraction for micro- or macro-collected volumes, and sample delivery by either aspiration or direct metering of discrete 10-microL samples from the collection container. The skin-puncture configuration provides the opportunity within a single device to collect and process up to 500 microL of sample by capillarity from a skin prick.

Comparative pharmacokinetics and a clinical laboratory evaluation of intravenous acetaminophen in Beagle and Galgo Español dogs

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Serrano-Rodríguez ◽  
Carles Mengual ◽  
Setefilla Quirós-Carmona ◽  
Julio Fernández ◽  
Juan Manuel Domínguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Intravenous Acetaminophen

scholarly journals Nitazoxanide in Treatment of Helicobacter pylori: a Clinical and In Vitro Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 3780-3783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Guttner ◽  
Helen M. Windsor ◽  
Charlie H. Viiala ◽  
Leon Dusci ◽  
Barry J. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics ◽  
String Test ◽  
H Pylori

ABSTRACT Nitazoxanide (NTZ) is an antibiotic with microbiological characteristics similar to those of metronidazole but without an apparent problem of resistance. The aim of this study was the prospective evaluation of NTZ given as a single agent in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Twenty culture-positive patients with dyspepsia who had previously failed at least one course of H. pylori eradication therapy were enrolled. Subjects received 1 g of NTZ twice daily for 10 days. The safety and tolerability of the drug were assessed by physical examination, monitoring of adverse events, and clinical laboratory evaluation. Urea breath tests (UBTs) were performed 6 weeks posttreatment. H. pylori was isolated from UBT-positive patients by the string test or endoscopy with biopsy, and the MICs for these isolates were compared to those for isolates obtained pretherapy. The levels of tizoxanide, the active deacylated derivative of NTZ, were measured in blood, saliva, and tissue from two patients during treatment. The UBT results were positive for all 20 patients after completion of NTZ therapy. The MIC results demonstrated that the NTZ susceptibilities of none of the strains isolated from the patients posttherapy had changed significantly. No major adverse reactions were observed, but frequent minor side effects were observed. In conclusion, NTZ did not eradicate H. pylori when it was given as a single agent.

Clinical Laboratory Evaluation of the Thermonuclease Test

1982 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 587-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol J. Shanholtzer ◽  
Lance R. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation

Development of standard materials for use with the hematofluorometer.

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1062-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Parsons ◽  
J R Meola ◽  
D G Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Proficiency Test ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
New York State ◽  
Isotonic Saline ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
York State Department ◽  
Glycerol Solution ◽  
Free Plasma ◽  
Citrate Phosphate

Abstract Two methods for preparing erythrocytes were evaluated for the purpose of developing stable, blood-based standard materials for the hematofluorometer. Erythrocytes washed with citrate-phosphate-dextrose solution and reconstituted with platelet-free plasma were stable for 12 weeks. Plasma-free erythrocytes washed with isotonic saline and resuspended in citrate-glycerol solution were stable for 18 weeks when stored at 4 degrees C. Consequently, plasma-free erythrocytes were successfully used as proficiency test specimens in the New York State Department of Health's Clinical Laboratory Evaluation Program for hematofluorometer users.

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