Cultures of equine respiratory epithelial cells and organ explants as tools for the study of equine influenza virus infection

2001 ◽  
Vol 146 (11) ◽  
pp. 2239-2247 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lin ◽  
R. E. Holland Jr ◽  
N. M. Williams ◽  
T. M. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Equine Influenza Virus ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial Cells ◽  
Equine Influenza ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial

scholarly journals Influenza A Virus Infection Triggers Pyroptosis and Apoptosis of Respiratory Epithelial Cells through the Type I Interferon Signaling Pathway in a Mutually Exclusive Manner

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
SangJoon Lee ◽  
Mikako Hirohama ◽  
Masayuki Noguchi ◽  
Kyosuke Nagata ◽  
Atsushi Kawaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Type I ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial Cells ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial ◽  
Early Phases

ABSTRACT Respiratory epithelial cell death by influenza virus infection is responsible for the induction of inflammatory responses, but the exact cell death mechanism is not understood. Here we showed that influenza virus infection induces apoptosis and pyroptosis in normal or precancerous human bronchial epithelial cells. Apoptosis was induced only in malignant tumor cells infected with influenza virus. In human precancerous respiratory epithelial cells (PL16T), the number of apoptotic cells increased at early phases of infection, but pyroptotic cells were observed at late phases of infection. These findings suggest that apoptosis is induced at early phases of infection but the cell death pathway is shifted to pyroptosis at late phases of infection. We also found that the type I interferon (IFN)-mediated JAK-STAT signaling pathway promotes the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis by inhibiting apoptosis possibly through the induced expression of the Bcl-xL anti-apoptotic gene. Further, the inhibition of JAK-STAT signaling repressed pyroptosis but enhanced apoptosis in infected PL16T cells. Collectively, we propose that type I IFN signaling pathway triggers pyroptosis but not apoptosis in the respiratory epithelial cells in a mutually exclusive manner to initiate proinflammatory responses against influenza virus infection. IMPORTANCE Respiratory epithelium functions as a sensor of infectious agents to initiate inflammatory responses along with cell death. However, the exact cell death mechanism responsible for inflammatory responses by influenza virus infection is still unclear. We showed that influenza virus infection induced apoptosis and pyroptosis in normal or precancerous human bronchial epithelial cells. Apoptosis was induced at early phases of infection, but the cell death pathway was shifted to pyroptosis at late phases of infection under the regulation of type I IFN signaling to promote proinflammatory cytokine production. Taken together, our results indicate that the type I IFN signaling pathway plays an important role to induce pyroptosis but represses apoptosis in the respiratory epithelial cells to initiate proinflammatory responses against influenza virus infection.

Identification of equine influenza virus infection in Asian wild horses (Equus przewalskii)

2013 ◽  
Vol 159 (5) ◽  
pp. 1159-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yin ◽  
Gang Lu ◽  
Wei Guo ◽  
Ting Qi ◽  
Jian Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Equine Influenza Virus ◽  
Equine Influenza ◽  
Equus Przewalskii

Comparison among three different serological methods for the detection of equine influenza virus infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 789-798
Author(s):  
P.F. FAVARO ◽  
D. REISCHAK ◽  
P.E. BRANDAO ◽  
E.M.C. VILLALOBOS ◽  
E.M.S. CUNHA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Equine Influenza Virus ◽  
Equine Influenza

scholarly journals Dynamics of Influenza Virus Infection and Pathology

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 3974-3983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto A. Saenz ◽  
Michelle Quinlivan ◽  
Debra Elton ◽  
Shona MacRae ◽  
Anthony S. Blunden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Cell Depletion ◽  
Type I ◽  
Equine Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Equine Influenza ◽  
Severe Pathology

ABSTRACT A key question in pandemic influenza is the relative roles of innate immunity and target cell depletion in limiting primary infection and modulating pathology. Here, we model these interactions using detailed data from equine influenza virus infection, combining viral and immune (type I interferon) kinetics with estimates of cell depletion. The resulting dynamics indicate a powerful role for innate immunity in controlling the rapid peak in virus shedding. As a corollary, cells are much less depleted than suggested by a model of human influenza based only on virus-shedding data. We then explore how differences in the influence of viral proteins on interferon kinetics can account for the observed spectrum of virus shedding, immune response, and influenza pathology. In particular, induction of high levels of interferon (“cytokine storms”), coupled with evasion of its effects, could lead to severe pathology, as hypothesized for some fatal cases of influenza.

scholarly journals Little Evidence of Avian or Equine Influenza Virus Infection among a Cohort of Mongolian Adults with Animal Exposures, 2010–2011

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e85616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyamdavaa Khurelbaatar ◽  
Whitney S. Krueger ◽  
Gary L. Heil ◽  
Badarchiin Darmaa ◽  
Daramragchaa Ulziimaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Equine Influenza Virus ◽  
Equine Influenza
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