Effects of bafilomycin Aff1 on Japanese encephalitis virus in C6/36 mosquito cells

1998 ◽  
Vol 143 (8) ◽  
pp. 1555-1568 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nawa
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Mosquito Cells

scholarly journals Accumulation of a 3′-Terminal Genome Fragment in Japanese Encephalitis Virus-Infected Mammalian and Mosquito Cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 5133-5138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Chih Lin ◽  
Huei-Lan Chang ◽  
Ruey-Yi Chang
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Genome Replication ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Genome Fragment ◽  
Mosquito Cells ◽  
Single Positive ◽  
Positive Strand Rna

ABSTRACT Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) contains a single positive-strand RNA genome nearly 11 kb in length and is not formally thought to generate subgenomic RNA molecules during replication. Here, we report the abundant accumulation of a 3′-terminal 521- to 523-nucleotide (nt) genome fragment, representing a major portion of the 585-nt 3′ untranslated region, in both mammalian (BHK-21) and mosquito (C6/36) cells infected with any of nine strains of JEV. In BHK-21 cells, the viral genome was detected as early as 24 h postinfection, the small RNA was detected as early as 28 h postinfection, and the small RNA was 0.25 to 1.5 times as abundant as the genome on a molar basis between 28 and 48 h postinfection. In C6/36 cells, the genome and small RNA were present 5 days postinfection and the small RNA was 1.25 to 5.14 times as abundant as the genome. The 3′-terminal 523-nt small RNA contains a 5′-proximal stable hairpin (nt 6 to 56) that may play a role in its formation and the conserved flavivirus 3′-cyclization motif (nt 413 to 420) and the 3′-terminal long stable hairpin structure (nt 440 to 523) that have postulated roles in genome replication. Abundant accumulation of the small RNA during viral replication in both mammalian and mosquito cells suggests that it may play a biological role, perhaps as a regulator of RNA synthesis.

scholarly journals Cell Type-Dependent RNA Recombination Frequency in the Japanese Encephalitis Virus

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Wei-Wei Chiang ◽  
Ching-Kai Chuang ◽  
Mei Chao ◽  
Wei-June Chen
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Viral Evolution ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Rna Recombination ◽  
Mosquito Cells ◽  
Rna Fragments

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is one of approximately 70 flaviviruses, frequently causing symptoms involving the central nervous system. Mutations of its genomic RNA frequently occur during viral replication, which is believed to be a force contributing to viral evolution. Nevertheless, accumulating evidences show that some JEV strains may have actually arisen from RNA recombination between genetically different populations of the virus. We have demonstrated that RNA recombination in JEV occurs unequally in different cell types. In the present study, viral RNA fragments transfected into as well as viral RNAs synthesized in mosquito cells were shown not to be stable, especially in the early phase of infection possibly via cleavage by exoribonuclease. Such cleaved small RNA fragments may be further degraded through an RNA interference pathway triggered by viral double-stranded RNA during replication in mosquito cells, resulting in a lower frequency of RNA recombination in mosquito cells compared to that which occurs in mammalian cells. In fact, adjustment of viral RNA to an appropriately lower level in mosquito cells prevents overgrowth of the virus and is beneficial for cells to survive the infection. Our findings may also account for the slower evolution of arboviruses as reported previously.

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