Surface-sterilization of Glomus mosseae sporocarps for studying endomycorrhization in vitro

Mycorrhiza ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. Budi ◽  
S. Gianinazzi ◽  
B. Blal
Keyword(s):  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Surface Sterilization

Optimization of cultural conditions affecting improved bioactive metabolite production by endophytic fungus Trichoderma harzianum

Bionatura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 2187-2192
Author(s):  
Rashid Rahim Hateet ◽  
Zainab Alag Hassan ◽  
Abdulameer Abdullah Al-Mussawi ◽  
Shaima Rabeea Banoon
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Endophytic Fungus ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Bioactive Metabolite ◽  
Metabolite Production ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Cultural Conditions

The present study aimed to optimize cultural conditions for optimum bioactive metabolite production by endophytic fungus Trichoderma harzianum, isolated by surface sterilization method from the leaf of the eucalyptus plant. The fungus was identified based on morphological characterization. Fungal metabolites were carried out by ethyl acetate solvent. The antibacterial activity was tested against Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (NCTC 6571). Various carbon, nitrogen sources, pH, temperature, incubation period, and NaCl on the antibacterial metabolite production were studied. Bioactive metabolite production of T. harzianum exhibits a broad spectrum of in vitro antibacterial activity against two strains of bacteria. For the optimum production of bioactive metabolites, Dextrose and Glucose were found to be the best sources of carbon and the best sources of Nitrogen Yeast extract (YE) and (NH4)2SO. The maximum production of bioactive metabolites occurs at pH 7 and 25°C.; the NaCl showed a positive influence on bioactive metabolites.

Influence of Safeners on the in vivo and in vitro Metabolism of Bentazon and Metolachlor by Grain Sorghum Shoots: a Preliminary Report

1991 ◽  
Vol 46 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 906-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald E. Moreland ◽  
Frederick T. Corbin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Naphthalic Anhydride ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Polar Components ◽  
In Vitro Shoots ◽  
Treated Seed ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

Abstract Metabolism of bentazon and metolachlor by excised shoots and a microsomal fraction iso­lated from the shoots, of 3-day-old, dark-grown, grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor cv. Funk G 522 DR) seedlings was studied. The effects of seed treatments, on the subsequent metabo­lism of the herbicides, with the safeners naphthalic anhydride, oxabetrinil, and CGA 133205 were compared against surface-sterilization and Captan-treatments. Bentazon was aryl hydroxylated in both in vivo and in vitro studies with the hydroxylated derivative undergoing glycosylation only under in vivo conditions. Both shoots and microsomes isolated from shoots of safener-treated seed showed enhanced metabolism of bentazon relative to the controls. In­ hibition by tetcyclacis, a potent inhibitor of plant cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases, in both the in vivo and in vitro studies, and a requirement for NADPH in the in vitro studies suggested that the formation of hydroxybentazon was mediated by a cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase. Metolachlor was metabolized to polar material and O-desmethylmetolachlor under in vivo conditions. Only the demethylated product was formed in vitro. Shoots isolated from safener-treated seed showed enhanced formation of polar com pounds which were assumed to have arisen from conjugation with glutathione. Tetcyclacis did not affect the formation of the polar components. However, the formation of O-desmethylmetolachlor was depressed in the shoots excised from safener-treated seed under both in vivo and in vitro conditions. Tetcyclacis completely prevented formation of the demethylated metabolite. Hence, formation of this meta­bolite is considered to be P-450 mediated. The differential response obtained with the safeners, i.e., stimulation of aryl hydroxylation of bentazon and depression of metolachlor demethylation, suggests that the reactions are probably catalyzed by different cytochrome P-450 mono­oxygenases.

scholarly journals Research on in vitro micropropagation of Lilium brownii F.E. Brown

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
Vũ Hoài Sâm ◽  
Bùi Đức Quỳnh ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Hương ◽  
Nguyễn Văn Khiêm
Keyword(s):  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
In Vitro Plant Regeneration ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
The North ◽  
In Vitro Micropropagation ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Over Exploitation

Lilium brownii Brown belonging Lilium genus and Liliaceae family is well-known as a popular medicinal species, as well as food source and beautiful ornamental flowers. The specie has unique and ornamental floral characteristics such as light and elegant fragrance and perianth color rapidly changing from yellowish cream to white during anthesis. In traditional medicine, it is used for treatment cough, sedation diuretic, bronchitis... In nature, it can be found in subtropical climate moutainous areas in the North such as Sa Pa, Bat Xat, Mu Cang Chai; Sin Ho and Phong Tho, Quang Ba and Dong Van. In recent years, this species has been listed in the Red List for medicinal plants in Vietnam due to over-exploitation. The only effective strategy for sustaible conservation this species is in vitro micropropagation. In this study, in vitro plant regeneration and micropropagation of L. brownii was established from bubles and stem nodes. After surface sterilization with 0.1% HgCl­2 in 10 minutes, healthy young shoots were obtained from initial bubles and stem nodes on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP or 0.5 mg/l NAA, respectively.  Bulblets also were formed from young shoot on MS supplemented with 0.5 mg/l NAA. The highest number of 4.5 bulblets per an explant was recorded from longitude-divided bubbles on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l NAA and 0.2 mg/l BAP after 60 days in culture. The regererated plants produced quality roots on half strength MS supplemented with the combination of 1.0 mg/ l NAA and 0.2 mg / l BAP. More than 90% of rooted plants in vitro were survival on artificial soil TN1 in the nursery.

scholarly journals ISOLASI CENDAWAN ENDOFIT DARI AKAR WANGI (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI ANTIMIKROBA

1930 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
Israwati Harahap ◽  
Elsie
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Vetiveria Zizanioides ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
In Vitro Inhibition ◽  
Fungal Extracts ◽  
Antimicrobial Potency

Endophytic fungi are microorganisms living in healthy tissue of their host plants without causing disease. Endophytic fungi live in every plant, including Vetiveria zizanioides L. medicinal plant intracellulary and/or intercellulary. This plant was screened pharmacologically for antibacterial, antifungal, anticataleptic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory, rheumatism, anti oxidant and anti arthritic activity. This research aimed to isolation endophytic fungi from V. zizanioides L. and to screening their antimicrobial potency against microflora Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. Endophytic fungi isolation from V. zizanioides L. was done by surface sterilization method. A total of 33 isolates were recovered from 88 leaves and 88 root segments. Based on antimicrobial activitytest, most of the fungal extracts showed in vitro inhibition of microbes growth.

scholarly journals Effective medium for in vitro sprouting of the buds and multiplication of the plantlets, and identification of the fungal contaminant associated with the explants of Gnetum

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 001-013
Author(s):  
Abwe Mercy Ngone ◽  
Lawrence Monah Ndam ◽  
Rita Mungfu Njilar ◽  
Doungous Oumar ◽  
Thomas Eku Njock
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Nodal Cuttings ◽  
Baseline Information

Plant tissue culture requires the optimization of growth media. Gnetum, known locally in Cameroon as “Eru” is an indigenous gymnospermous vegetable with diverse medicinal, nutritional, cultural and socio-economic values. This resource is over-exploited and expected to neighboring countries, resulting to increased scarcity in the forest. Preliminary work on the in vitro culture of nodal cuttings was faced by the problem of fungal contamination. It was therefore necessary to isolate and identify the fungal contaminant, optimize the surface sterilization of field material and compose an appropriate medium for sprouting. Pure cultures of the fungus were obtained and grown on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). The identification was based on the appearance of the fungal growth on plates and also on the microscopic view. This was affected by the use of keys. Gnetum explants were disinfected with the various concentrations of disinfectants, preceded in some instances by pre-treatments, as well as incorporating fungicides in the culture medium. Two different culture media were employed: the Woody Plant Medium (WPM) and the Murashige and Skoog (MS) based establishment medium (Y-1). Gnetum was found to live in association with a complex of Microsporum species. The level of contamination of cultures was reduced from 100% to 40% when pre-treated before disinfection and even lower to 10% by incorporating fungicides in the medium. Sprouting was observed in WPM. This study provides baseline information on the in vitro propagation of Gnetum and thus opens up avenues for more research to be carried out in this field.

scholarly journals Optimization of Seed Surface Sterilization Method and in vitro Seed Germination in Althaea officinalis (L.) - An Important Medicinal Herb

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Soghra Younesikelaki ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Ebrahimzadeh ◽  
Mehdi Kiani Desfardi ◽  
Mahitha Banala ◽  
Rajinikanth Marka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Seed Surface ◽  
Sterilization Method ◽  
Althaea Officinalis
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