Late orogenic crustal extension in the northern Menderes massif (western Turkey): evidence for metamorphic core complex formation

2001 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veysel Işik ◽  
Okan Tekeli
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Metamorphic Core Complex ◽  
Crustal Extension ◽  
Core Complex ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
Menderes Massif ◽  
Metamorphic Core

scholarly journals Tectonic denudation of a Late Cretaceous–Tertiary collisional belt: regionally symmetric cooling patterns and their relation to extensional faults in the Anatolide belt of western Turkey

2003 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
UWE RING ◽  
CHRISTOPHER JOHNSON ◽  
RALF HETZEL ◽  
KLAUS GESSNER
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Metamorphic Core Complex ◽  
Early Miocene ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Late Oligocene ◽  
Core Complex ◽  
Cooling History ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
Structural Levels ◽  
Metamorphic Core

Thermochronological data reveal that the Late Cretaceous–Tertiary nappe pile of the Anatolide belt of western Turkey displays a two-stage cooling history. Three crustal segments differing in structure and cooling history have been identified. The Central Menderes metamorphic core complex represents an ‘inner’ axial segment of the Anatolide belt and exposes the lowest structural levels of the nappe pile, whereas the two ‘outer’ submassifs, the Gördes submassif to the north and the Çine submassif to the south, represent higher levels of the nappe pile. A regionally significant phase of cooling in the Late Oligocene and Early Miocene affected the outer two submassifs and the upper structural levels of the Central Menderes metamorphic core complex. In the northern part of the Gördes submassif, cooling was related to top-to-the-NNE movement on the Simav detachment, as the apatite fission-track ages show a northward-younging trend in the direction of movement on this detachment. In the Çine submassif, relatively rapid cooling in Late Oligocene and Early Miocene times may have been related to top-to-the-S extensional reactivation of the basal thrust of the overlying Lycian nappes. The second phase of cooling in the Anatolide belt is related to Pliocene to Recent extension resulting in the formation of the Central Menderes metamorphic core complex in the inner part of the Anatolide belt. Core-complex development caused the formation of supra-detachment graben, which document the ongoing separation of the Central Menderes metamorphic core complex from the outer submassifs.

scholarly journals Spatial patterns of erosion and landscape evolution in a bivergent metamorphic core complex revealed by cosmogenic 10Be: The central Menderes Massif (western Turkey)

Geosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1846-1868
Author(s):  
Caroline Heineke ◽  
Ralf Hetzel ◽  
Nils-Peter Nilius ◽  
Christoph Glotzbach ◽  
Cüneyt Akal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
Metamorphic Core Complex ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Core Complex ◽  
Menderes Massif ◽  
Continental Extension ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Tectonic Processes ◽  
Metamorphic Core

Abstract In extensional provinces with low-angle normal faulting (such as the Aegean region), both tectonic processes and erosion induce landscape change, but their interaction during the evolution of topography and relief accompanying continental extension has rarely been addressed. Here we present local and catchment-wide 10Be erosion rates that document the spatial pattern of erosion in the central Menderes Massif, a metamorphic core complex consisting of two asymmetric mountain ranges (Bozdağ and Aydın) bound by detachment faults and active grabens. Catchment-wide erosion rates on the northern flank of the Bozdağ Range are rather low (40–110 mm/k.y.) but reach values of >300 mm/k.y. on the steep southern escarpment—a pattern that reflects both topography and bedrock lithology. In the Aydın Range, erosion rates are generally higher, with mean erosion rates of ∼190 and ∼260 mm/k.y. on the northern and southern flank, respectively, and more variable along strike. In both ranges, erosion rates of ridge crests derived from amalgamated clasts are 30–90 mm/k.y. The difference between local and catchment-wide erosion rates indicates that topographic relief increases in most parts of the massif in response to ongoing fault-related uplift and concomitant river incision. Our findings document that tectonic processes exert a significant control on landscape evolution during active continental extension and are reflected in both the topographic signature and the spatial pattern of erosion. In the Menderes Massif, rock susceptibility to weathering and erosion is a dominant factor that controls the erosional contribution to rock exhumation, which varies spatially between ∼10% and ∼50%.

Metamorphic core complex formation by density inversion and lower-crust extrusion

Nature ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 411 (6840) ◽  
pp. 930-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Martinez ◽  
Andrew M. Goodliffe ◽  
Brian Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Lower Crust ◽  
Metamorphic Core Complex ◽  
Density Inversion ◽  
Core Complex ◽  
Metamorphic Core
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