Calculation of lava effusion rates from Landsat TM data

1998 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. L. Harris ◽  
Luke P. Flynn ◽  
Laszlo Keszthelyi ◽  
Peter J. Mouginis-Mark ◽  
Scott K. Rowland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landsat Tm ◽  
Lava Effusion ◽  
Effusion Rates

Lava effusion rates from hand-held thermal infrared imagery: an example from the June 2003 effusive activity at Stromboli

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Harris ◽  
Jon Dehn ◽  
Matt Patrick ◽  
Sonia Calvari ◽  
Maurizio Ripepe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imagery ◽  
Effusive Activity ◽  
Lava Effusion ◽  
Effusion Rates ◽  
Thermal Infrared Imagery

ANALISIS PERUBAHAN PENUTUP LAHAN DAN POLA MATA PENCAHARIAN MASYARAKAT Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Kelapa Kampit, Kabupaten Belitung Timur

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 405
Author(s):  
Emma Rahmawati ◽  
Anang Dwi Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Landsat Tm ◽  
Landsat 8

Kegiatan penambangan timah di daratan di wilayah Kabupaten Belitung Timur sudah berlangsung sejak lama terutama di wilayah Kecamatan Kelapa Kampit. Banyak penduduknya bekerja sebagai penambang timah, namun kegiatan penambangan tersebut semakin berkurang seiring dengan adanya kebijakan terkait penambangan yang lebih ke arah pelestarian lingkungan dan adanya kegiatan reklamasi dan revegetasi yang dilakukan di lahan pasca tambang timah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis gambaran perubahan penutup lahan dan menganalisis pola matapencaharian di Kecamatan Kelapa Kampit. Data penelitian yang digunakan terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer di antaranya berupa citra satelit Landsat TM akuisisi tahun 1995 dan Landsat 8 akuisisi tahun 2015 serta data hasil wawancara penduduk lokal. Data sekunder berupa data data dari pemerintah daerah setempat, dan lain-lain. Metode pemisahan obyek penutup lahan menggunakan teknik klasifikasi unsupervised (klasifikasi tak terbimbing). Setelah dilakukan proses reclass, maka dihasilkan 8 (delapan) kelas penutup lahan diantaranya: Awan (no data), Hutan, Ladang/Semak, lahan tambang, permukiman, perkebunan dan tubuh air. Analisis deskriptif kualitatif dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan perubahan penutup lahan dengan pola mata pencaharian masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi kondisi yang kontradiktif antara lahan tambang dan hutan dengan lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Kondisi luasan lahan tambang dan hutan dari tahun 1994 – 2015 mengalami penurunan, sedangkan luasan lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit mengalami peningkatan yang cukup signifikan. Seiring dengan perubahan penutup lahan tersebut, terjadi penurunan jumlah buruh harian lepas dimana penambang inkonvensional termasuk didalamnya. Terjadi peralihan mata pencaharian yang awalnya mengandalkan penambangan, saat ini menjadi semakin banyak pilihan mata pencaharian yang dapat dipilih oleh masyarakat Kecamatan Kelapa Kampit.

A STUDY ON THE URBANIZATION OF HARBIN AND SHANGHAI BY LANDSAT TM DATA

2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (595) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
Minghao PIAO ◽  
Ikuo SAITO ◽  
Osamu ISHIHARA
Keyword(s):  
Landsat Tm

Landsat TM inventory and assessment of waterbird habitat in the southern altiplano of South America

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence P. Boyle ◽  
Sandra M. Caziani ◽  
Robert G. Waltermire
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Landsat Tm

Lava effusion rate evolution and erupted volume during the 2018 Kīlauea lower East Rift Zone eruption

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah R. Dietterich ◽  
Angela K. Diefenbach ◽  
S. Adam Soule ◽  
Michael H. Zoeller ◽  
Matthew P. Patrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rift Zone ◽  
Effusion Rate ◽  
Lava Effusion

scholarly journals Simple empirical method for estimating lava-effusion rate using nighttime Himawari-8 1.6-µm infrared images

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Kaneko ◽  
Atsushi Yasuda ◽  
Toshitsugu Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Spectral Radiance ◽  
Effusion Rate ◽  
Actual Distribution ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Lava Effusion ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe effusion rate of lava is one of the most important eruption parameters, as it is closely related to the migration process of magma underground and on the surface, such as changes in lava flow direction or formation of new effusing vents. Establishment of a continuous and rapid estimation method has been an issue in volcano research as well as disaster prevention planning. For effusive eruptions of low-viscosity lava, we examined the relationship between the nighttime spectral radiance in the 1.6-µm band of the Himawari-8 satellite (R1.6Mx: the pixel value showing the maximum radiance in the heat source area) and the effusion rate using data from the 2017 Nishinoshima activity. Our analysis confirmed that there was a high positive correlation between these two parameters. Based on the linear-regression equation obtained here (Y = 0.47X, where Y is an effusion rate of 106 m3 day−1 and X is an R1.6Mx of 106 W m−2 sr−1 m−1), we can estimate the lava-effusion rate from the observation data of Himawari-8 via a simple calculation. Data from the 2015 Raung activity—an effusive eruption of low-viscosity lava—were arranged along the extension of this regression line, which suggests that the relationship is applicable up to a level of ~ 2 × 106 m3 day−1. We applied this method to the December 2019 Nishinoshima activity and obtained an effusion rate of 0.50 × 106 m3 day−1 for the initial stage. We also calculated the effusion rate for the same period based on a topographic method, and verified that the obtained value, 0.48 × 106 m3 day−1, agreed with the estimation using the Himawari-8 data. Further, for Nishinoshima, we simulated the extent of hazard areas from the initial lava flow and compared cases using the effusion rate obtained here and the value corresponding to the average effusion rate for the 2013–2015 eruptions. The former distribution was close to the actual distribution, while the latter was much smaller. By combining this effusion-rate estimation method with real-time observations by Himawari-8 and lava-flow simulation software, we can build a rapid and precise prediction system for volcano hazard areas.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing Monitoring of Advancing and Surging Glaciers in the Tien Shan, 1990–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1973
Author(s):  
Sugang Zhou ◽  
Xiaojun Yao ◽  
Dahong Zhang ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Shiyin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Landsat Tm ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Remote Sensing Images ◽  
Climate Variable ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Remote Sensing Monitoring ◽  
Change Mechanism ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

The advancing of glaciers is a manifestation of dynamic glacial instability. Glaciers in the Tien Shan region, especially in the Central Tien Shan, show instability, and advancing glaciers have been recently detected. In this study, we used Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI remote sensing images to identify glaciers in the Tien Shan region from 1990 to 2019 and found that 48 glaciers advanced. Among them, thirty-four glaciers exhibited terminal advances, and 14 glaciers experienced advances on the tributary or trunk. Ten of the glaciers experiencing terminal advances have been identified as surging glaciers. These 48 glaciers are distributed in the western part of the Halik and Kungey Mountain Ranges in the Central Tien Shan, and Fergana Mountains in the Western Tien Shan, indicating that the Tien Shan is also one of the regions where advancing and surging glaciers are active. From 1990 to 2019, a total of 169 times advances occurred on 34 terminal advancing glaciers in the Tien Shan region; the highest number of advancing and surging of glaciers occurred in July (26 and 14 times, respectively). With reference to the existing literature and the present study, the surge cycle in the Tien Shan is longer than that in other regions at high latitudes in Asia, lasting about 35–60 years. Surging glaciers in the Tien Shan region may be affected by a combination of thermal and hydrological control. An increase in temperature and precipitation drives surging glaciers, but the change mechanism is still difficult to explain based on changes in a single climate variable, such as temperature or precipitation.

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