scholarly journals Fine-root biomass and fluxes of soil carbon in young stands of paper birch and trembling aspen as affected by elevated atmospheric CO2 and tropospheric O3

Oecologia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. King ◽  
K. Pregitzer ◽  
D. Zak ◽  
J. Sober ◽  
J. Isebrands ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Fine Root Biomass ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Trembling Aspen ◽  
Elevated Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Paper Birch ◽  
Tropospheric O3

Tropospheric O3 compromises net primary production in young stands of trembling aspen, paper birch and sugar maple in response to elevated atmospheric CO2

2005 ◽  
Vol 168 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. King ◽  
Mark E. Kubiske ◽  
Kurt S. Pregitzer ◽  
George R. Hendrey ◽  
Evan P. McDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Trembling Aspen ◽  
Elevated Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Paper Birch ◽  
Tropospheric O3

scholarly journals Effects of Elevated CO2 Concentration and Nitrogen Addition on Soil Respiration in a Cd-Contaminated Experimental Forest Microcosm

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Bo Yao ◽  
Qiwu Hu ◽  
Guihua Zhang ◽  
Yafeng Yi ◽  
Meijuan Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Fine Root Biomass ◽  
N Addition

Forests near rapidly industrialized and urbanized regions are often exposed to elevated CO2, increased N deposition, and heavy metal pollution. To date, the effects of elevated CO2 and/or increased N deposition on soil respiration (Rs) under heavy metal contamination are unclear. In this study, we firstly investigated Rs in Cd-contaminated model forests with CO2 enrichment and N addition in subtropical China. Results showed that Rs in all treatments exhibited similar clear seasonal patterns, with soil temperature being a dominant control. Cadmium addition significantly decreased cumulative soil CO2 efflux by 19% compared to the control. The inhibition of Rs caused by Cd addition was increased by N addition (decreased by 34%) was partially offset by elevated CO2 (decreased by 15%), and was not significantly altered by the combined N addition and rising CO2. Soil pH, microbial biomass carbon, carbon-degrading hydrolytic enzymes, and fine root biomass were also significantly altered by the treatments. A structural equation model revealed that the responses of Rs to Cd stress, elevated CO2, and N addition were mainly mediated by soil carbon-degrading hydrolytic enzymes and fine root biomass. Overall, our findings indicate that N deposition may exacerbate the negative effect of Cd on Rs in Cd-contaminated forests and benefit soil carbon sequestration in the future at increasing atmospheric CO2 levels.

scholarly journals How thinning in a seasonally dry tropical forest contributes towards root biomass, carbon stock and aggregate size in a Vertisol

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Maia Andrade ◽  
Deodato Nascimento Aquino ◽  
Mirian Cristina Gomes Costa ◽  
Carlos Levi Anastacio Santos ◽  
Aldênia Mendes Mascena Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Fine Root Biomass ◽  
Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest ◽  
Dry Tropical Forest ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Total Soil

Forest management activities influence fine root development, total soil carbon (TSC) and size of aggregates. A field experiment was carried out in Vertisols of two adjacent catchments in a seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) to investigate the thinning on fine-root biomass, stock of the total soil carbon and aggregate size. The catchments are located in the State of Ceará, Brazil. The control catchment of 2.1 ha has been under regenerating vegetation for 35 years (RC35), while the second catchment (1.1 ha) was subjected to thinning (TC5) in December of 2008. The analysed variables were: fine-root biomass in the 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm soil layers, TSC and mean weight diameter of the soil aggregates in the 0-20, 20-40 e 40-60 cm layers. The data were submitted to Pearson correlation analysis and compared by paired t-test (P < 0.05). The 0-10 cm layer of the TC5 management stored double the average amount of fine-roots found in the RC35. Under the TC5 management, stocks of soil TSC increased by 237 and 151% in the 20-40 and 40-60 cm layers, respectively, when compared with RC35. Aggregates 2.15 times greater than those found under RC35 management were obtained in the topsoil (0-20 cm) under the TC5 management. The implementation of thinning in a Vertisol of a SDTF emerges as an alternative management to be considered in projects for sustainability in the semi-arid region, contributing to an improvement in soil structure as well as an increase in the stocks of total carbon.

Low gains in ecosystem carbon with woody plant encroachment in a South African savanna

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corli Coetsee ◽  
Emma F. Gray ◽  
Julia Wakeling ◽  
Benjamin J. Wigley ◽  
William J. Bond
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Fine Root Biomass ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Woody Encroachment ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon ◽  
Carbon Concentrations

Abstract:Total ecosystem carbon storage has frequently been found to increase with woody encroachment in savannas. However the loss of grass roots associated with woody encroachment can lead to a decrease in below-ground carbon storage which is not compensated for by an increase in above-ground carbon. To investigate how the extent of total woody cover affected ecosystem carbon, soil and above-ground carbon storage along eight thicket–savanna and five forest–grassland boundaries were measured. To investigate whether changes in soil carbon concentrations were related to the percentage of C4 (grass) roots to total roots and root quantity and quality, we measured fine-root biomass, root C : N ratios, root N, and % C4 roots at three different depths across thicket patches of different ages (n = 189). Forests contained significantly more carbon than adjacent grasslands in both above-ground carbon (mean difference 12.1 kg m−2) and in the top 100 cm of the soil (mean difference 4.54 kg m−2). Thickets contained significantly more above-ground carbon than adjacent savannas (3.33 kg m−2) but no significant differences in soil carbon were evident. Total fine-root biomass appeared to be more important than root quality (root C : N) in determining soil carbon concentrations during the encroachment process (i.e. in thicket of different ages). Similarly for thickets, the % C4 roots had no significant effect on soil carbon concentrations. In conclusion, thicket invading into open savanna vegetation did not lead to significant gains in ecosystem carbon at this study site. Significant gains were only evident in mature forest, suggesting that the process may take place very slowly.

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