Geographic variation in critical photoperiod for diapause induction and its temperature dependence in Hyphantria cunea Drury (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)

Oecologia ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Gomi
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea ◽  
Critical Photoperiod

scholarly journals Geographic Variation in Diapause Induction: The Grape Berry Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1751-1755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jody Timer ◽  
Patrick C. Tobin ◽  
Michael C. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Diapause Induction

Plasticity of nutrient accumulation patterns in diapausing fall webworm pupae

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lvquan Zhao ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Ying Qiu ◽  
Alex S. Torson
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Energy Reserve ◽  
Short Photoperiod ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Fall Webworm ◽  
Diapause Incidence

Abstract The accumulation of nutrients during diapause preparation is crucial because any lack of nutrition will reduce the likelihood of insects completing diapause, thereby decreasing their chances of survival and reproduction. The fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea, diapause as overwintering pupae and their diapause incidence and diapause intensity are regulated by the photoperiod. In this study, we test the hypothesis that photoperiod influences energy reserve accumulation during diapause preparation in fall webworm. We found that the body size and mass, lipid and carbohydrate content of pupae with a short photoperiod during the diapause induction phase were significantly greater than those of pupae with a relatively short photoperiod, and the efficiency of converting digested food and ingested food into body matter was greater in the short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae than the relatively short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae. We also observed higher lipase and amylase activities in short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae relative to the counterparts. However, no obvious difference was found in protein and protease in the pupae with a short photoperiod during the diapause induction phase and short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae compared with the counterparts. Therefore, we conclude that the energy reserve patterns of diapausing fall webworm pupae are plastic and that short-photoperiod diapause-destined larvae increase their energy reserves by improving their feeding efficiency and increase their lipid and carbohydrate stores by increasing the lipase and amylase activities in the midgut.

EFFECT OF LATITUDE ON THE CRITICAL PHOTOPERIOD FOR DIAPAUSE INDUCTION IN THE BERTHA ARMYWORM, MAMESTRA CONFIGURATA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (8) ◽  
pp. 1039-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Hegdekar
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fluctuating Temperature ◽  
Mamestra Configurata ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Critical Photoperiod ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
H 20 ◽  
Bertha Armyworm

AbstractThe critical photoperiod for diapause induction in pupae of Mamestra configurata Walker in Manitoba was 16 h 06 min at Glenlea (49°38′ N), 16 h 20 min at Grandview (51°10′ N), and 16 h 42 min at Birch River (52°24′ N). The differences in cirtical photoperiods observed at Glenlea and Grandview were not significant. At least two different photoperiods exist, one in the Glenlea and Grandview areas and the other in the Birch River area. In the laboratory, the critical photoperiod was 13.5 h when larvae were exposed to a daily fluctuating temperature regime of 12 h at 25 °C and 12 h at 10 °C. Longer critical photoperiods found for the field populations may be related to the relatively low ambient temperatures to which the larvae were exposed in field cages.

Diapause Induction in a Kentucky Population of Diprion similis (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi L. Melcher ◽  
Lee H. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Sensitive Stage ◽  
Diprion Similis ◽  
Critical Photoperiod ◽  
Photoperiod Sensitive ◽  
Chilling Period

Critical photoperiod, sensitive stage for diapause induction, and requirements for termination of diapause were studied in a colony of the introduced pine sawfly, Diprion similis (Hartig), established from a feral Kentucky population. We investigated induction of diapause in the laboratory under photoperiods of 10:14, 11:13, 12:12, 13:11, 14:10, 15:9, and 16:8 (L:D) in the first trial, and added a photoperiod of 9:15 (L:D) in the second trial. Individuals exposed to light periods ≤12:12 (L:D) entered diapause; individuals in a photoperiod > 13:11 (L:D) bypassed diapause. The sensitive stage was determined using reciprocal switches of diapause-inducing (9:15) and non-diapause inducing (16:8) L:D regimes. Our studies indicated that late instars of the introduced pine sawfly are significantly sensitive to photoperiod. Termination of diapause in D. similis did not require a cold or chilling period. All individuals from critical photoperiod trials were kept at 22°C to determine the duration of diapause. Diapausing individuals emerged from the cocoon after 82 to 105 d, compared to 6 to 23 d for individuals not entering diapause.

THERMAL ACCUMULATIONS, DIAPAUSE, AND OVIPOSITION IN A CONIFER-INHABITING PREDATOR, CHRYSOPA HARRISII (NEUROPTERA)

1974 ◽  
Vol 106 (9) ◽  
pp. 969-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice J. Tauber ◽  
Catherine A. Tauber
Keyword(s):  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Heat Accumulation ◽  
Species Occurrence ◽  
Winter Solstice ◽  
Critical Photoperiod ◽  
Diapause Development ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Active Adults ◽  
Short Days

AbstractThe adults of Chrysopa harrisii Fitch, which are not predaceous, overwinter in a state of reproductive diapause. During both the dormant and the reproductive periods they remain dark green, a colour apparently adapted to the species’ occurrence on conifers. Two to three generations per season are possible in the Ithaca, N.Y., area.At 75°F, which is the optimum constant temperature for development and survival, the time from oviposition to adult eclosion is 29 days. Theoretical thresholds for development of all stages are relatively high, between 50° and 57°F, and development from egg to adult requires 566 heat degree days.In the laboratory, the critical photoperiod for diapause induction is between LD 13:11 and LD 14:10; short days maintain diapause for approximately 45 days (at 75°F); long days terminate diapause. Both newly-emerged and reproductively-active adults are extremely sensitive to diapause-inducing photoperiods. In the field, all adults emerging on 5 September or later enter diapause and it appears that diapause induction in the Ithaca population begins in the latter part of August. Short days maintain diapause until the end of December, and neither long days, increasing day lengths, nor low temperatures play a role in hastening diapause termination in nature.In timing its vernal reproduction, C. harrisii has evolved a strategy that combines an early-ending diapause with an apparently relatively high temperature threshold for post-diapause development. Therefore, although diapause ends around the winter solstice, heat accumulation is prevented until much later, when temperatures are relatively high.

scholarly journals Geographic Variation of Diapause Induction and Termination in the Spider Mite Tetrαnychus urticαe: Α mini-review

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Koveos ◽  
A. Veerman
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Diapause Termination ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Critical Daylength ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

In eight strains of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), originating from different localities in Europe, the critical daylength for diapause induction and termination was almost the same in each strain but varied with the latitudinal origin of the strains; critical daylength was shorter in strains originating from lower latitudes and longer in those from higher latitudes. Diapause intensity, measured as the period of chilling required for diapause termination under a short day photoperiod (LD 10:14) and 19°C, again varied with the latitudinal origin of each strain, being higher the more northern the origin of the strain. An exception were two mountain strains which showed a longer critical daylength and a deeper diapause than expected on the basis of their latitudinal origin. The number of long-day (LD 17:7) cycles required for 50% diapause termination after a certain period of chilling was higher in the northern and lower in the southern strains. These results indicate that geographic strains of T urticae may differ considerably in their diapause attributes, which may be explained as an adaptation to local climatic conditions. The great plasticity of the diapause response may, among other factors, have been responsible for the wide distribution of this mite species.

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