Genesis, a Winged Helix transcriptional repressor, has embryonic expression limited to the neural crest, and stimulates proliferation in vitro in a neural development model

1999 ◽  
Vol 297 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hromas ◽  
Honggang Ye ◽  
Michael Spinella ◽  
Ethan Dmitrovsky ◽  
Dawei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Transcriptional Repressor ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Winged Helix ◽  
Proliferation In Vitro ◽  
Genesis A

scholarly journals Genesis, a Winged Helix Transcriptional Repressor with Expression Restricted to Embryonic Stem Cells

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (38) ◽  
pp. 23126-23133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Sutton ◽  
Robert Costa ◽  
Michael Klug ◽  
Loren Field ◽  
Dawei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Repressor ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Winged Helix ◽  
Genesis A

1442: CXCL12 Over-Expression and Secretion by Aging Fibroblasts Stimulates Human Prostate Epithelial Proliferation in Vitro

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 466-466
Author(s):  
Jill A. Macoska ◽  
Lesa Begley ◽  
Christine Monteleon ◽  
James W. MacDonald ◽  
Rajal B. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Human Prostate ◽  
Epithelial Proliferation ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Proliferation In Vitro

Induction of melanocyte precursors from neural crest cells surrounding the neural tube-like structures developed in vitro using mouse ES cell culture

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Koh-ichi Atoh ◽  
Manae S. Kurokawa ◽  
Hideshi Yoshikawa ◽  
Chieko Masuda ◽  
Erika Takada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Es Cell ◽  
Mouse Es Cell

Age-Related Changes in the Effects of Serum from Lean and Obese Pigs on Myogenic Cell Proliferation in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald E. Allen ◽  
Gail Robinson ◽  
Matthew J. Parsons ◽  
Robert A. Merkel ◽  
William T. Magee
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Myogenic Cell ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Proliferation In Vitro ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Zika Virus Infection Leads to Demyelination and Axonal Injury in Mature CNS Cultures

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Verena Schultz ◽  
Stephanie L. Cumberworth ◽  
Quan Gu ◽  
Natasha Johnson ◽  
Claire L. Donald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Axonal Pathology ◽  
Time Frames

Understanding how Zika virus (Flaviviridae; ZIKV) affects neural cells is paramount in comprehending pathologies associated with infection. Whilst the effects of ZIKV in neural development are well documented, impact on the adult nervous system remains obscure. Here, we investigated the effects of ZIKV infection in established mature myelinated central nervous system (CNS) cultures. Infection incurred damage to myelinated fibers, with ZIKV-positive cells appearing when myelin damage was first detected as well as axonal pathology, suggesting the latter was a consequence of oligodendroglia infection. Transcriptome analysis revealed host factors that were upregulated during ZIKV infection. One such factor, CCL5, was validated in vitro as inhibiting myelination. Transferred UV-inactivated media from infected cultures did not damage myelin and axons, suggesting that viral replication is necessary to induce the observed effects. These data show that ZIKV infection affects CNS cells even after myelination—which is critical for saltatory conduction and neuronal function—has taken place. Understanding the targets of this virus across developmental stages including the mature CNS, and the subsequent effects of infection of cell types, is necessary to understand effective time frames for therapeutic intervention.

scholarly journals Regulation of sarcomagenesis by the empty spiracles homeobox genes EMX1 and EMX2

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Pedro Jimenez-García ◽  
Antonio Lucena-Cacace ◽  
Daniel Otero-Albiol ◽  
Amancio Carnero
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Tumor Suppressors ◽  
Homeobox Genes ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Gene Expression

AbstractThe EMX (Empty Spiracles Homeobox) genes EMX1 and EMX2 are two homeodomain gene members of the EMX family of transcription factors involved in the regulation of various biological processes, such as cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, during brain development and neural crest migration. They play a role in the specification of positional identity, the proliferation of neural stem cells, and the differentiation of certain neuronal cell phenotypes. In general, they act as transcription factors in early embryogenesis and neuroembryogenesis from metazoans to higher vertebrates. The EMX1 and EMX2’s potential as tumor suppressor genes has been suggested in some cancers. Our work showed that EMX1/EMX2 act as tumor suppressors in sarcomas by repressing the activity of stem cell regulatory genes (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, MYC, NANOG, NES, and PROM1). EMX protein downregulation, therefore, induced the malignance and stemness of cells both in vitro and in vivo. In murine knockout (KO) models lacking Emx genes, 3MC-induced sarcomas were more aggressive and infiltrative, had a greater capacity for tumor self-renewal, and had higher stem cell gene expression and nestin expression than those in wild-type models. These results showing that EMX genes acted as stemness regulators were reproduced in different subtypes of sarcoma. Therefore, it is possible that the EMX genes could have a generalized behavior regulating proliferation of neural crest-derived progenitors. Together, these results indicate that the EMX1 and EMX2 genes negatively regulate these tumor-altering populations or cancer stem cells, acting as tumor suppressors in sarcoma.

scholarly journals Micro/nano-textured hierarchical titanium topography promotes exosome biogenesis and secretion to improve osseointegration

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengchuan Zhang ◽  
Ruogu Xu ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Chaoan Liang ◽  
Xiaolin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Extracellular Secretion ◽  
Exosome Biogenesis ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Proliferation In Vitro ◽  
Extracellular Environment

Abstract Background Micro/nano-textured hierarchical titanium topography is more bioactive and biomimetic than smooth, micro-textured or nano-textured titanium topographies. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and exosomes derived from BMSCs play important roles in the osseointegration of titanium implants, but the effects and mechanisms of titanium topography on BMSCs-derived exosome secretion are still unclear. This study determined whether the secretion behavior of exosomes derived from BMSCs is differently affected by different titanium topographies both in vitro and in vivo. Results We found that both micro/nanonet-textured hierarchical titanium topography and micro/nanotube-textured hierarchical titanium topography showed favorable roughness and hydrophilicity. These two micro/nano-textured hierarchical titanium topographies enhanced the spreading areas of BMSCs on the titanium surface with stronger promotion of BMSCs proliferation in vitro. Compared to micro-textured titanium topography, micro/nano-textured hierarchical titanium topography significantly enhanced osseointegration in vivo and promoted BMSCs to synthesize and transport exosomes and then release these exosomes into the extracellular environment both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, micro/nanonet-textured hierarchical titanium topography promoted exosome secretion by upregulating RAB27B and SMPD3 gene expression and micro/nanotube-textured hierarchical titanium topography promoted exosome secretion due to the strongest enhancement in cell proliferation. Conclusions These findings provide evidence that micro/nano-textured hierarchical titanium topography promotes exosome biogenesis and extracellular secretion for enhanced osseointegration. Our findings also highlight that the optimized titanium topography can increase exosome secretion from BMSCs, which may promote osseointegration of titanium implants.

Effect of gonadotropins on human endometrial stromal cell proliferation in vitro

2002 ◽  
Vol 266 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Yup Ku ◽  
Y. M. Choi ◽  
Chang Suk Suh ◽  
Seok Hyun Kim ◽  
Jung Gu Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Endometrial Stromal Cell ◽  
Human Endometrial Stromal Cell ◽  
Proliferation In Vitro
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