Glia in the chiasms and medulla of the Drosophila melanogaster optic lobes

1997 ◽  
Vol 289 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Tix ◽  
Eckhart Eule ◽  
Karl-Friedrich Fischbach ◽  
Seymour Benzer
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Optic Lobes

scholarly journals Developmental genetics of loci at the base of the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetics ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Perrimon ◽  
D Smouse ◽  
G L Miklos
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Developmental Genetics ◽  
Optic Lobes ◽  
Sterile Technique ◽  
Specific Subset ◽  
Dominant Female ◽  
Clone Analysis ◽  
Complementation Groups ◽  
Developmental Analysis

Abstract We have conducted a genetic and developmental analysis of the 26 contiguous genetic complementation groups within the 19D3-20F2 interval of the base of the X chromosome, a region of 34 polytene bands delimited by the maroon-like and suppressor of forked loci. Within this region there are four loci which cause visible phenotypes but which have little or no effect on zygotic viability (maroon-like, little fly, small optic lobes and sluggish). There are 22 loci which, when mutated, are zygotic lethals and three of these, legless/runt, folded gastrulation and 13E3, have severe effects on embryonic development. In addition, three visible phenotypes have been defined only by overlapping deficiencies (melanized-like, tumorous head, and varied outspread). We have analyzed the lethal phases and maternal requirement of 58 mutations at 22 of the zygotic lethal loci by means of germline clone analysis using the dominant female sterile technique. Additionally, all lethal complementation groups, as well as a specific subset of deficiencies, have been studied histologically for defects in the development of the central and peripheral embryonic nervous systems.

scholarly journals Molecular cloning and analysis of small optic lobes, a structural brain gene of Drosophila melanogaster.

1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (16) ◽  
pp. 7214-7218 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Delaney ◽  
D. C. Hayward ◽  
F. Barleben ◽  
K. F. Fischbach ◽  
G. L. Miklos
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Molecular Cloning ◽  
Optic Lobes ◽  
Structural Brain

scholarly journals Cellular and synaptic adaptations of neural circuits processing skylight polarization in the fly

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizem Sancer ◽  
Emil Kind ◽  
Juliane Uhlhorn ◽  
Julia Volkmann ◽  
Johannes Hammacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Neuronal Morphology ◽  
Synaptic Membranes ◽  
Polarization Vision ◽  
Optic Lobes ◽  
Skylight Polarization ◽  
Central Brain

AbstractSpecialized ommatidia harboring polarization-sensitive photoreceptors exist in the ‘dorsal rim area’ (DRA) of virtually all insects. Although downstream elements have been described both anatomically and physiologically throughout the optic lobes and the central brain of different species, little is known about their cellular and synaptic adaptations and how these shape their functional role in polarization vision. We have previously shown that in the DRA of Drosophila melanogaster, two distinct types of modality-specific ‘distal medulla’ cell types (Dm-DRA1 and Dm-DRA2) are post-synaptic to long visual fiber photoreceptors R7 and R8, respectively. Here we describe additional neuronal elements in the medulla neuropil that manifest modality-specific differences in the DRA region, including DRA-specific neuronal morphology, as well as differences in the structure of pre- or post-synaptic membranes. Furthermore, we show that certain cell types (medulla tangential cells and octopaminergic neuromodulatory cells) specifically avoid contacts with polarization-sensitive photoreceptors. Finally, while certain transmedullary cells are specifically absent from DRA medulla columns, other subtypes show specific wiring differences while still connecting the DRA to the lobula complex, as previously been described in larger insects. This hints towards a complex circuit architecture with more than one pathway connecting polarization-sensitive DRA photoreceptors with the central brain.

scholarly journals l(1)trol and l(1)devl, loci affecting the development of the adult central nervous system in Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-537
Author(s):  
S Datta ◽  
D R Kankel
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Imaginal Disc ◽  
Optic Lobes ◽  
Adult Central Nervous System ◽  
Final Assembly

Abstract Adult optic lobes of Drosophila melanogaster are composed of neurons specific to the adult which develop postembryonically. The structure of the optic lobes and aspects of its development have been described, and a number of mutants that affect its development have been identified. The focus of every screen to date has been on disruption of adult structure or function. Although these loci were originally identified on the basis of viable mutants, some have proven capable of giving rise to lethal alleles. It seems reasonable to assume that mutants which strongly affect development of the imaginal-specific central nervous system may evidence abnormalities during the late larval or pupal stages when the adult central nervous system is undergoing final assembly and might show a lethal phase prior to eclosion (as is true for mutations at the previously defined l(1)ogre locus). We have carried out the first screen of autosomal and sex-linked late larval and pupal lethals to identify mutations that affect the development of the optic lobes. Our screen yielded nine mutants that could tentatively be grouped into three classes, depending on the neuroblast population affected and imaginal disc phenotypes. Two of these, including one that is allelic to l(1)zw1, were chosen for further analysis.

scholarly journals Genetic and molecular characterization of the optomotor-blind gene locus in Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
G O Pflugfelder ◽  
H Schwarz ◽  
H Roth ◽  
B Poeck ◽  
A Sigl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Gene Locus ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Temporal Expression ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
Optic Lobes ◽  
Temporal Expression Pattern

Abstract The Drosophila gene optomotor-blind (omb) is involved in the development of a set of giant neurons in the optic lobes and possibly other structures in the imaginal brain. Adult flies have discrete defects in optomotor behavior. The gene has previously been mapped in chromomeres 4C5-6, together with three other genes, bifid, Quadroon and lacqueredgls. We have localized the gene in a genomic walk of 340 kb of DNA. By mapping seven chromosome breakpoints with omb phenotype we determined its minimum size to about 80 kb. From this region more than 20 RNAs of different size and temporal expression pattern are transcribed. Three of them (T3, T7 and T7') stem from primary transcripts of 40-80 kb in length. In its distal part the omb gene overlaps in at least 19 kb with four other complementation units, bifid, l(1)bifid, Quadroon and lacqueredgls. The three nonlethals affect the external appearance of the fly and seem to be unrelated to brain development.

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