COP1b, an isoform of COP1 generated by alternative splicing, has a negative effect on COP1 function in regulating light-dependent seedling development in Arabidopsis

1998 ◽  
Vol 257 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.-X. Zhou ◽  
Y.-J. Kim ◽  
Y.-F. Li ◽  
P. Carol ◽  
R. Mache
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Negative Effect

scholarly journals Spaceflight-induced alternative splicing during seedling development in Arabidopsis thaliana

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole S. Beisel ◽  
Jerald Noble ◽  
W. Brad Barbazuk ◽  
Anna-Lisa Paul ◽  
Robert J. Ferl
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Seedling Development

Alternative splicing and diversity of renal transporters

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (5) ◽  
pp. F781-F794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Gamba
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Dominant Negative Effect ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Renal Transporters ◽  
Interesting Possibility ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Membrane Changes

The growing molecular identification of renal transporter genes is revealing that alternative splicing is common among transporters. In this paper, I review the physiological consequences of alternative splicing in some genes encoding renal transporters in which spliced isoforms have recently been identified. In some cases, the spliced isoforms resulted in nonfunctional proteins, which, however, possess a dominant negative effect on the cotransporter function, suggesting that the presence of such isoforms can be important in the functional regulation of the transporter. In most transporter genes, however, the spliced isoforms have been shown to be functional, resulting in a variety of physiological consequences, including, for example, changes in the polarization of isoforms to the apical or basolateral membrane, changes in pharmacological or kinetic properties, and changes in tissue distribution or intrarenal localization. In some cases, although the spliced isoform is functional, the consequence of splicing is still unknown. Different regulation among isoforms is an interesting possibility. Thus the diversity of several renal transporters is enhanced by alternative splicing mechanisms.

Recruitment limitation, germination of dust seeds, and early development of underground seedlings in six Pyroleae species

Botany ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika A. Johansson ◽  
Ove Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Development ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Microsite Limitation ◽  
Seed Limitation ◽  
Seed Availability ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Dust Seeds ◽  
Chimaphila Umbellata ◽  
Nutrient Reserves ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

We investigated recruitment of six mixotrophic Pyroleae species in relation to soil and adult presence. Pyroleae have dust seeds containing minimal nutrient reserves, and subterranean seedlings are mycoheterotrophic needing fungal hosts for germination and development. Germination and seedling development were studied by retrieving seed bags that had been placed within plots with adults present and at unoccupied control plots. There are two main alternatives to what limits recruitment of plants, seed limitation or microsite limitation. Results suggested that a combination of microsite and seed limitation was important for all investigated species. Microsite availability was the main limiting factor for Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W.P.C. Barton, Orthilia secunda (L.) House, and Pyrola chlorantha Sw., whereas seed availability was the main limiting factor for Pyrola minor L. For Moneses uniflora L. A. Gray and Pyrola rotundifolia L., it was not clear whether microsite or seed limitation dominated. Growth of seedlings responded positively to adult presence (O. secunda and P. minor), whereas others were negatively affected (M. uniflora and P. chlorantha). Increased levels of soil nutrients (N and P) had a negative effect on seedling growth in C. umbellata and P. chlorantha. These results provide the first evidence of the importance of microsite and seed limitation for germination and development of seedlings of Pyroleae species.

scholarly journals Alternative splicing switches STIM1 targeting to specialized membrane contact sites and modifies SOCE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona L. Knapp ◽  
Kathrin Förderer ◽  
Dalia Alansary ◽  
Martin Jung ◽  
Yvonne Schwarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Patch Clamp ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Dominant Negative Effect ◽  
Membrane Contact Sites ◽  
Contact Sites ◽  
Intracellular Targeting ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Negative Effect

Alternative splicing is a potent modifier of protein function. Stromal interaction molecule 1 (Stim1) is the essential activator molecule of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) and a sorting regulator of certain ER proteins such as Stimulator of interferon genes (STING). Here, we characterize a conserved new variant, Stim1A, where splice-insertion translates into an additional C-terminal domain. We find prominent expression of exonA mRNA in testes, astrocytes, kidney and heart and confirm Stim1A protein in Western blot of testes. In situ, endogenous Stim1 with domain A, but not Stim1 without domain A localizes to unique adhesion junctions and to specialized membrane retrieval sites (tubulobulbar complexes) in testes. Functionally, using Ca2+ imaging and patch-clamp analysis, Stim1A shows a dominant-negative effect on SOCE and ICRAC, despite normal clustering and interaction with Orai1 investigated by combined TIRF and FRET analyses and as confirmed by an increased SOCE upon knock-down of endogenous Stim1A in astrocytes. Mutational analyses in conjunction with imaging and patch-clamp analyses of residues either in domain A or within the N-terminal region of Orai1 demonstrate a specific defect in stabilized channel gating. Our findings demonstrate that cell-type specific splicing of STIM1 adds both an intracellular targeting switch and adapts SOCE to meet the Ca2+ requirements of specific subcellular contact sites.

Linking transcription, RNA polymerase II elongation and alternative splicing

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (16) ◽  
pp. 3091-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana E. Giono ◽  
Alberto R. Kornblihtt
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Eukaryotic Transcription

Gene expression is an intricately regulated process that is at the basis of cell differentiation, the maintenance of cell identity and the cellular responses to environmental changes. Alternative splicing, the process by which multiple functionally distinct transcripts are generated from a single gene, is one of the main mechanisms that contribute to expand the coding capacity of genomes and help explain the level of complexity achieved by higher organisms. Eukaryotic transcription is subject to multiple layers of regulation both intrinsic — such as promoter structure — and dynamic, allowing the cell to respond to internal and external signals. Similarly, alternative splicing choices are affected by all of these aspects, mainly through the regulation of transcription elongation, making it a regulatory knob on a par with the regulation of gene expression levels. This review aims to recapitulate some of the history and stepping-stones that led to the paradigms held today about transcription and splicing regulation, with major focus on transcription elongation and its effect on alternative splicing.

Social Motives Predict Loneliness During a Developmental Transition

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Nikitin ◽  
Alexandra M. Freund
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Social Approach ◽  
Social Motives ◽  
Developmental Transitions ◽  
Avoidance Motivation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract. Establishing new social relationships is important for mastering developmental transitions in young adulthood. In a 2-year longitudinal study with four measurement occasions (T1: n = 245, T2: n = 96, T3: n = 103, T4: n = 85), we investigated the role of social motives in college students’ mastery of the transition of moving out of the parental home, using loneliness as an indicator of poor adjustment to the transition. Students with strong social approach motivation reported stable and low levels of loneliness. In contrast, students with strong social avoidance motivation reported high levels of loneliness. However, this effect dissipated relatively quickly as most of the young adults adapted to the transition over a period of several weeks. The present study also provides evidence for an interaction between social approach and social avoidance motives: Social approach motives buffered the negative effect on social well-being of social avoidance motives. These results illustrate the importance of social approach and social avoidance motives and their interplay during developmental transitions.

A Longitudinal Study of Mental Health in Emerging Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica S. Bachmann ◽  
Hansjörg Znoj ◽  
Katja Haemmerli
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Consistency Model ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Health Model

Emerging adulthood is a time of instability. This longitudinal study investigated the relationship between mental health and need satisfaction among emerging adults over a period of five years and focused on gender-specific differences. Two possible causal models were examined: (1) the mental health model, which predicts that incongruence is due to the presence of impaired mental health at an earlier point in time; (2) the consistency model, which predicts that impaired mental health is due to a higher level of incongruence reported at an earlier point in time. Emerging adults (N = 1,017) aged 18–24 completed computer-assisted telephone interviews in 2003 (T1), 2005 (T2), and 2008 (T3). The results indicate that better mental health at T1 predicts a lower level of incongruence two years later (T2), when prior level of incongruence is controlled for. The same cross-lagged effect is shown for T3. However, the cross-lagged paths from incongruence to mental health are marginally associated when prior mental health is controlled for. No gender differences were found in the cross-lagged model. The results support the mental health model and show that incongruence does not have a long-lasting negative effect on mental health. The results highlight the importance of identifying emerging adults with poor mental health early to provide support regarding need satisfaction.

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