Evidence for the exchange of blood parasites between North America and the Neotropics in blue-winged teal (Anas discors)

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (10) ◽  
pp. 3923-3939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Ramey ◽  
John A. Reed ◽  
Patrick Walther ◽  
Paul Link ◽  
Joel A. Schmutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Anas Discors

scholarly journals Survey of Blood Parasites in Two Forest Owls, Northern Saw-whet Owls and Flammulated Owls, of Western North America

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda L. Leppert ◽  
Alfred M. Dufty ◽  
Sarah Stock ◽  
M. David Oleyar ◽  
Greg S. Kaltenecker
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Western North America

Blood Parasites of Blue Grouse (Dendragapus Obscurus) In Western North America

1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome L. Mahrt ◽  
Fred C. Zwickel ◽  
T. G. Tessier
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Dendragapus Obscurus

Ornithophilic vectors of avian hematozoa in insular Newfoundland

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1241-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon F. Bennett ◽  
Richard F. Coombs
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Circumstantial Evidence ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Bird Population ◽  
Vector Density ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Avalon Peninsula

Ornithophilic vectors of avian hematozoa on the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland, were determined to be Simulium latipes and S. aureum for Leucocytozoon, Culicoides stilobezzioides for Haemoproteus, and possibly, on circumstantial evidence, Aedes punctor for Plasmodium. Simuliids and ceratopogonids were captured following attraction to bird bait most frequently at heights of 3–4 m in the forest canopy, in the evening, during July and August. Vector density was extremely low when compared to elsewhere in North America, but the highly efficient host–vector–parasite relationship maintained a high prevalence of blood parasites in the bird population.

Blood Parasites of Blue-winged Teal (Anas discors) from Two Migratory Corridors, in the Southern USA

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason M. Garvon ◽  
Joanna B. Mott ◽  
Sandy Serio Jacobs ◽  
Alan M. Fedynich
Keyword(s):  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Anas Discors

Distribution of the avian hematozoa of North America

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1762-1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellis C. Greiner ◽  
Gordon F. Bennett ◽  
Ellen M. White ◽  
Richard F. Coombs
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Avian Malaria ◽  
Vertical Stratification ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Host Family ◽  
Reference Centre ◽  
Nesting Sites ◽  
Avian Family ◽  
North America North ◽  
Avian Malaria Parasites

The literature pertaining to the prevalence of avian hematozoa in North America, north of Mexico, together with unpublished records from the files of the International Reference Centre for Avian Malaria Parasites, have been collated and analyzed with respect to the distribution of parasite genera by region, host family, and vertical stratification of nesting sites. The blood parasites of 57 026 birds of 388 species (representing 55 families) breeding in North America are the basis of this analysis. A total of 21 048 (36.9%) birds harbored one or more species of Haemoproteus (19.5%), Leucocytozoon (17.7%), Trypanosoma (3.9%), Plasmodium (3.8%), microfilariae (3.1%), and Haemogregarina/Lankesterella (0.6%). The continent was arbitrarily divided into seven regions along a topographic basis. Overall hematozoan prevalence varied markedly from region to region, as did the relative frequencies of the different genera. Overall hematozoan prevalence also varied markedly from avian family to family, as did the relative frequencies of the different genera. Nine families had prevalences of 50% or more, while 16 families had prevalences of 5% or less; sea- and shore-birds were nearly hematozoan-free. Prevalence of blood parasites is correlated with the vertical stratification of nesting sites when considered on a localized geographic basis but no correlation exists when the results are pooled from the continent.

scholarly journals Migratory Movements of Sharp-Shinned Hawks (Accipiter Striatus) Captured in New Mexico in Relation to Prevalence, Intensity, and Biogeography of Avian Hematozoa

The Auk ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-846
Author(s):  
Ruth B. Smith ◽  
Ellis C. Greiner ◽  
Blair O. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
North America ◽  
Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Accipiter Striatus ◽  
Stable Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Hydrogen Isotope Ratios

Abstract Previous interspecific studies have shown that migratory birds have a higher prevalence of blood parasites than nonmigratory birds. It is thought that birds that move greater distances are exposed to a larger parasite fauna, because of uneven distribution of vectors that carry such parasites. Current hypotheses also suggest that the stress of migration may allow parasites to persist, by weakening the immune system and allowing latent infections to recur. We captured migrating hatching-year Sharp-shinned Hawks (Accipiter striatus) in New Mexico and estimated natal latitudes of each individual by analyzing stable-hydrogen isotope ratios of feathers. That enabled us to estimate distances traveled up to point of capture. We also collected blood to quantify hematozoan infection prevalence and intensity. We related distance traveled to prevalence and intensity of hematozoan infections. Contrary to previous hypotheses, our results show no relationship between distance traveled by migrants and prevalence and intensity of hematozoan infections. Of 75 individuals examined, 24% were infected with Leucocytozoon toddi, 37% with Haemoproteus elani, and 5% with H. janovyi. To our knowledge, this is the first documented occurrence of H. janovyi in North America and in Sharp-shinned Hawks. Our stable-hydrogen isotope analyses indicated that H. janovyi was detected only in birds that originated in southwestern North America, which may be of significance in regard to biogeography of that parasite species.

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