Does umbilical vein catheterization to exchange transfusion lead to portal vein thrombosis?

1998 ◽  
Vol 157 (6) ◽  
pp. 461-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Guimarães ◽  
L. Castelo ◽  
J. Guimarães ◽  
A. Cardoso ◽  
C. d'Orey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Portal Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Exchange Transfusion ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Vein Catheterization

scholarly journals Hematemesis in an eight-year-old female as a presenting symptom of portal vein thrombosis following neonatal umbilical vein catheterization

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-664
Author(s):  
Anne Louise van Els ◽  
Joël Israëls ◽  
Marianne Alice van Houten ◽  
Timotheüs Gualtherus Jacob de Meij
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Portal Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Vein Catheterization

Selective Fibrinolysis for Acute Portal Vein Thrombosis in Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-504
Author(s):  
Charles T. Dotter
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Portal Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Cavernous Transformation ◽  
Portosystemic Shunting ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Primary Problem ◽  
Vein Catheterization

Acute portal vein thrombosis secondary to omphalitis or umbilical vein catheterization usually leads, years later, to death from the hemorrhagic consequences of portal hypertension. While the delayed manifestation, sometimes inaccurately referred to as "cavernous transformation of the portal vein," is therapeutically approached by surgical portosystemic shunting, results are dismal. A feasible, untried, therapeutic attack on the primary problem is now available in selective fibrinolysis of the acute portal vein thrombus. Streptokinase (or urokinase), given by catheter either into the superior mesenteric artery or via transhepatic portal vein catheterization directly into the fresh thrombus, could be expected to result in complete lysis within a matter of hours.

scholarly journals Extrahepatic Portal Vein Thrombosis, an Important Cause of Portal Hypertension in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2703
Author(s):  
Alina Grama ◽  
Alexandru Pîrvan ◽  
Claudia Sîrbe ◽  
Lucia Burac ◽  
Horia Ştefănescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Portal Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Vein Catheterization

One of the most important causes of portal hypertension among children is extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis (EHPVT). The most common risk factors for EHPVT are neonatal umbilical vein catheterization, transfusions, bacterial infections, dehydration, and thrombophilia. Our study aimed to describe the clinical manifestations, treatment, evolution, and risk factors of children with EHPVT. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively all children admitted and followed in our hospital with EHPVT between January 2011–December 2020. The diagnosis was made by ultrasound or contrast magnetic resonance imaging. We evaluated the onset symptoms, complications, therapeutic methods, and risk factors. Results: A total of 63 children, mean age 5.14 ± 4.90 (33 boys, 52.38%), were evaluated for EHPVT during the study period. The first symptoms were upper gastrointestinal bleeding (31 children, 49.21%) and splenomegaly (22 children, 34.92%). Thrombocytopenia was present in 44 children (69.84%). The most frequent risk factors were umbilical vein catheterization (46 children, 73.02%) and bacterial infections during the neonatal period (30 children, 47.62%). Protein C, protein S, antithrombin III levels were decreased in 44 of the 48 patients tested. In 42 of these cases, mutations for thrombophilia were tested, and 37 were positive. Upper digestive endoscopy was performed in all cases, revealing esophageal varices in 56 children (88.89%). All children with gastrointestinal bleeding received an octreotide infusion. In 26 children (41.27%), variceal ligation was performed, and in 5 children (7.94%), sclerotherapy. Porto-systemic shunt was performed in 11 children (17.46%), and Meso-Rex shunt was done in 4 children (6.35%). The evolution was favorable in 62 cases (98.41%). Only one child died secondary to severe sepsis. Conclusions: EHPVT is frequently diagnosed in the last period in our region due to the increased use of umbilical vein catheterization. Furthermore, genetic predisposition, neonatal bacterial infections, and prematurity certainly play an important role in this condition. A proactive ultrasound assessment of children with risk factors for EHPVT should be encouraged for early diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Portal vein thrombosis following umbilical vein catheterization in neonates

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-137
Author(s):  
Dr Chandrashekhar C ◽  
◽  
Dr. Sushma Krishnegowda ◽  
Dr. Vikas. VM ◽  
Dr. Bhaktavatsala. H.R c ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Portal Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Vein Catheterization

Portal vein thrombosis after umbilical vein catheterization: review of the epidemiology, prophylaxis, diagnostic and treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ricardo Borém Lopes ◽  
Thaís Costa Nascentes Queiroz ◽  
Bárbara Fonseca Gazzinelli ◽  
Eleonora Druve Tavares Fagundes ◽  
Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Portal Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Vein Catheterization

scholarly journals A226 INCIDENTAL FINDING OF A LARGE GASTRIC VARIX ASSOCIATED WITH NEONATAL UMBILICAL VEIN CANALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 261-263
Author(s):  
L Tsang ◽  
J Abraldes ◽  
E Wiebe ◽  
G S Sandha ◽  
S van Zanten
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Portal Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Gastroesophageal Junction ◽  
Splenic Vein ◽  
Gastric Varix ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Inferior Aspect ◽  
Upper Abdomen

Abstract Results A 41-year old Asian male, who immigrated to Canada many years ago, and who had previously been successfully treated for Helicobacter pylori infection underwent gastroscopy for investigation of dyspepsia. His gastroscopy was normal except for a large subepithelial abnormality that was noted close to the gastroesophageal junction. Routine gastric biopsies from the antrum and body were normal. Subsequent endoscopic ultrasound revealed flow through the anechoic tortuous lesion and confirmed it was a very large isolated gastric varix type 1. Abdominal CT scan revealed chronic occlusion of the portal vein, splenic vein, and the portal confluence with extensive collateralization in the upper abdomen. There was complete cavernous transformation of the portal vein. Of the numerous varices in the upper abdomen, a very large varix drained into the left renal vein and indented into the posterior wall of the fundus of the stomach which accounted for the endoscopic finding. Multiple mesenteric veins were identified that connected to varices adjacent to the inferior aspect of the pancreas and duodenum. Notably, there was no evidence of cirrhosis or chronic pancreatitis. Liver enzymes, albumin, and INR were normal. Further collateral history revealed that he was hospitalized as a neonate for pneumonia with catheterization of the umbilical vein, which is known to be associated with thrombosis of the portal vein. Conclusions Detection of congenital absence of the portal vein (CAPV) is recognized more often due to advances in diagnostic imaging. Radiologically, the absence of the portal vein in CAPV is distinguished from portal vein thrombosis by the lack of venous collaterals or sequalae of portal hypertension, such as ascites or splenomegaly. A more gradual thrombosis of the portal vein may permit collaterals to develop without acute changes and is not equivalent to portal vein aplasia or agenesis as intrahepatic bile ducts are normal. The gold standard for diagnosis of CAPV is histologic absence of the portal vein in the liver on catheter angiography. CAPV is associated with abnormal embryologic development of the portal vein and frequently presents with complications of portal hypertension or portosystemic encephalopathy or the sequalae of venous shunts, hepatic or cardiac abnormalities found on imaging. Our case is an incidentally discovered absence of the portal venous system due to chronic thrombosis with extensive collateralization and an enlarged gastric varix protruding into the proximal stomach. It is well documented that canalization of the umbilical vein in infancy is associated with portal vein thrombosis, with incidences up to 68%. This case highlights the importance of eliciting a childhood hospitalization history in cases of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. Funding Agencies None

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