Extracellular magnesium deficiency induces contraction of arterial muscle: role of PI3-kinases and MAPK signaling pathways

1999 ◽  
Vol 439 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Yang ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
B. T. Altura ◽  
B. M. Altura
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Mapk Signaling Pathways ◽  
Arterial Muscle

Autophagy mediates avian influenza H5N1 pseudotyped particle-induced lung inflammation through NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (2) ◽  
pp. L183-L195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Pan ◽  
Yijuan Zhang ◽  
Zichao Luo ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Lanlan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
H5n1 Virus ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Lung Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mapk Signaling Pathways

Since avian influenza virus H5N1-induced hypercytokemia plays a key role in acute lung injury, understanding its molecular mechanism is highly desirable for discovering therapeutic targets against H5N1 infection. In the present study, we investigated the role of autophagy in H5N1-induced lung inflammation by using H5N1 pseudotyped viral particles (H5N1pps). The results showed that H5N1pps significantly induced autophagy both in A549 human lung epithelial cells and in mouse lung tissues, which was primarily due to hemagglutinin (HA) of H5N1 virus. Blocking autophagy with 3-methyladenine (an autophagy inhibitor) or siRNA knockdown of autophagy-related genes ( beclin1 and atg5) dramatically attenuated H5N1pp-induced proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, CCL2, and CCL5, both in vitro and in vivo. Autophagy-mediated inflammatory responses involved the activation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways, which required the presence of clathrin but did not rely on p62 or autophagosome-lysosome fusion. On the other hand, the activation of NF-κB also promoted H5N1pp-induced autophagosome formation. These data indicated a positive feedback loop between autophagy and NF-κB signaling cascade, which could exacerbate H5N1pp-induced lung inflammation. Our data demonstrated an essential role of autophagy in H5N1pp-triggered inflammatory responses, and targeting the autophagic pathway could be a promising strategy to treat H5N1 virus-caused lung inflammation.

The role of ABA and MAPK signaling pathways in plant abiotic stress responses

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agyemang Danquah ◽  
Axel de Zelicourt ◽  
Jean Colcombet ◽  
Heribert Hirt
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Mapk Signaling Pathways ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress
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