Synapses on axon collaterals of pyramidal cells are spaced at random intervals: a Golgi study in the mouse cerebral cortex

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Hellwig ◽  
Almut Sch�z ◽  
Ad Aertsen
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Golgi Study ◽  
Axon Collaterals ◽  
Mouse Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Random Intervals

scholarly journals Subcellular sorting of neuregulins controls the assembly of excitatory-inhibitory cortical circuits

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Exposito-Alonso ◽  
Catarina Osório ◽  
Clémence Bernard ◽  
Sandra Pascual-García ◽  
Isabel del Pino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Synaptic Proteins ◽  
Trophic Factors ◽  
Inhibitory Synapses ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase Receptor ◽  
Excitatory Synapses ◽  
Cortical Circuits ◽  
Mouse Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Novel Strategy

The assembly of specific neuronal circuits relies on the expression of complementary molecular programs in presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons. In the cerebral cortex, the tyrosine kinase receptor ErbB4 is critical for the wiring of specific populations of GABAergic interneurons, in which it paradoxically regulates both the formation of inhibitory synapses as well as the development of excitatory synapses received by these cells. Here, we found that Nrg1 and Nrg3, two members of the neuregulin family of trophic factors, regulate the inhibitory outputs and excitatory inputs of interneurons in the mouse cerebral cortex, respectively. The differential role of Nrg1 and Nrg3 in this process is not due to their receptor-binding EGF-like domain, but rather to their distinctive subcellular localization within pyramidal cells. Our study reveals a novel strategy for the assembly of cortical circuits that involves the differential subcellular sorting of family-related synaptic proteins.

scholarly journals BMP signaling alters aquaporin-4 expression in the mouse cerebral cortex

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuya Morita ◽  
Naoyuki Matsumoto ◽  
Kengo Saito ◽  
Toshihide Hamabe-Horiike ◽  
Keishi Mizuguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Mouse Cerebral Cortex

AbstractAquaporin-4 (AQP4) is a predominant water channel expressed in astrocytes in the mammalian brain. AQP4 is crucial for the regulation of homeostatic water movement across the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Although the molecular mechanisms regulating AQP4 levels in the cerebral cortex under pathological conditions have been intensively investigated, those under normal physiological conditions are not fully understood. Here we demonstrate that AQP4 is selectively expressed in astrocytes in the mouse cerebral cortex during development. BMP signaling was preferentially activated in AQP4-positive astrocytes. Furthermore, activation of BMP signaling by in utero electroporation markedly increased AQP4 levels in the cerebral cortex, and inhibition of BMP signaling strongly suppressed them. These results indicate that BMP signaling alters AQP4 levels in the mouse cerebral cortex during development.

scholarly journals Modeling human‐specific interlaminar astrocytes in the mouse cerebral cortex

2020 ◽  
Vol 529 (4) ◽  
pp. 802-810
Author(s):  
Ragunathan Padmashri ◽  
Baiyan Ren ◽  
Braden Oldham ◽  
Yoosun Jung ◽  
Ryan Gough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Mouse Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Human Specific
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