Effect of intensive swimming training on lung volumes, airway resistances and on the maximal expiratory flow-volume relationship in prepubertal girls

1997 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Courteix ◽  
Philippe Obert ◽  
Anne-Marie Lecoq ◽  
Patrick Guenon ◽  
G�nter Koch
Keyword(s):  
Flow Volume ◽  
Swimming Training ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Maximal Expiratory Flow ◽  
Volume Relationship ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Prepubertal Girls

Flow-Volume Relationship at Low Lung Volumes in Healthy Term Newborn Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-640
Author(s):  
Saul M. Adler ◽  
Mary Ellen B. Wohl
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Chamber Pressure ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Forced Expiration ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Convex Shape ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Volume Relationship ◽  
Maximum Expiratory Flow ◽  
Expiratory Flow

To describe the maximum expiratory flow-volume relationship in newborn infants, we simulated forced expiration by transiently applying positive pressure in a chamber surrounding the infant's body. Maximum expiratory flows were reached at any given lung volume when increases in chamber pressure failed to produce increases in flow. Maximum expiratory flows were achieved in seven of nine healthy newborn infants at lung volumes equal to functional residual capacity (FRC) and in all infants at lung volumes below FRC. The volume expired below FRC (6.4 ml/kg) was roughly equivalent to previously calculated values of expiratory reserve volume in newborn infants (7 ml/kg). The maximum expiratory flow volume curves showed that the infants were able to increase expiratory flow rates well above those achieved during tidal breathing. The convex shape of the curves at low lung volumes is compatible with flow limitation occurring in peripheral airways.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF GAS DENSITY AND VISCOSITY ON THE MAXIMAL EXPIRATORY FLOW-VOLUME RELATIONSHIP

1963 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1705-1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald P. Schilder ◽  
Albert Roberts ◽  
Donald L. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Flow Volume ◽  
Gas Density ◽  
Maximal Expiratory Flow ◽  
Volume Relationship ◽  
Expiratory Flow

Pattern and mechanism of airway response to hypocapnia in normal subjects

1979 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. O'Cain ◽  
M. J. Hensley ◽  
E. R. McFadden ◽  
R. H. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Oxygen Mixture ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Mixture Density ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Airway Constriction ◽  
Maximal Expiratory Flow ◽  
Airway Response ◽  
Expiratory Flow

We examined the bronchoconstriction produced by airway hypocapnia in normal subjects. Maximal expiratory flow at 25% vital capacity on partial expiratory flow-volume (PEFV) curves fell during hypocapnia both on air and on an 80% helium- 20% oxygen mixture. Density dependence also fell, suggesting predominantly small airway constriction. The changes seen on PEFV curves were not found on maximal expiratory flow-volume curves, indicating the inhalation to total lung capacity substantially reversed the constriction. Pretreatment with a beta-sympathomimetic agent blocked the response, whereas atropine pretreatment did not, suggesting that hypocapnia affects airway smooth muscle directly, not via cholinergic efferents.

scholarly journals Shape Analysis of the Maximal Expiratory Flow Volume Curve Among the Patients with Various Kind of Pulmonary Diseases

1982 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Song Hyun Nam ◽  
Hyun Ha Park ◽  
Re Hwe Kim ◽  
Sung Koo Han ◽  
Ye Won Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shape Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Maximal Expiratory Flow ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Flow Volume Curve ◽  
Expiratory Flow

Density dependence of maximal expiratory flow before and during tracheal constriction in dogs

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 1060-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Castile ◽  
O. F. Pedersen ◽  
J. M. Drazen ◽  
R. H. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Density Dependence ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Maximal Expiratory Flow ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lower Lung ◽  
Flow Volume Curve ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Longitudinal Extension ◽  
Central Airway

The effect of carbachol-induced central bronchoconstriction on density dependence of maximal expiratory flow (MEF) was assessed in five dogs. MEFs were measured on air and an 80% He-20% O2 mixture before and after local application of carbachol to the trachea. Airway pressures were measured using a pitot-static probe, from which central airway areas were estimated. At lower concentrations of carbachol the flow-limiting site remained in the trachea over most of the vital capacity (VC), and tracheal area and compliance decreased in all five dogs. In four dogs, decreases in choke point area predominated and produced decreases in flows. In one dog the increase in airway “stiffness” apparently offset the fall in area to account for an increase in MEF. Density dependence measured as the ratio of MEF on HeO2 to MEF on air at 50% of VC increased in all five dogs. Increases in density dependence appeared to be related to increases in airway stiffness at the choke point rather than decreases in gas-related airway pressure differences. Lower concentrations produced a localized decrease in tracheal area and extended the plateau of the flow-volume curve to lower lung volumes. Higher concentrations caused further reductions in tracheal area and greater longitudinal extension of bronchoconstriction, resulting in upstream movement of the site of flow limitation at higher lung volumes. Density dependence increased if the flow-limiting sites remained in the trachea at mid-VC but fell if the flow-limiting site had moved upstream by that volume.

Volume Adjustment of Maximal Expiratory Flow Rates of Flow-Volume Loops

CHEST Journal ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 1636-1637
Author(s):  
Sema Umut ◽  
Bilun Gemicioğlu ◽  
Nurhayat Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Flow Volume ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Maximal Expiratory Flow ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Expiratory Flow Rates

Density-Dependence of Maximal Expiratory Flow Rates before and after Bronchodilators in Patients with Obstructive Airways Disease

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
J. J. Wellman ◽  
E. R. McFadden ◽  
R. H. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Density Dependence ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Maximal Expiratory Flow ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Obstructive Airways Disease ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Group B ◽  
Expiratory Flow Rates

1. Gas-density-dependence of maximal expiratory flow rates (V̇max), defined as the ratio of V̇max while breathing helium/oxygen (80:20) to V̇max. while breathing air at the same lung volume, was examined in relation to other measurements of airways obstruction in patients with obstructive airways disease before and after administration of bronchodilators. 2. Seventeen patients showed a 45% or greater increase in specific conductance(sGaw) after bronchodilator therapy (group A) and thirteen patients demonstrated a lesser response (group B). 3. Before the administration of bronchodilators, the degree of obstruction in the two groups was not different as measured by lung volumes, sGaw, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and flow rates high in the vital capacity; yet the maximal mid-expiratory flow rate and the degree of density-dependence were significantly lower in group B. 4. After bronchodilators, both groups of patients showed significant improvements in sGaw flow rates and lung volumes. However, group A patients showed a significant increase in density-dependence whereas group B patients did not. 5. Increased density-dependence after bronchodilators in the group A patients was associated with an increase in the computed resistance of the upstream segment with air and a decrease in resistance with helium/oxygen. These changes could be explained by a more mouthward movement of equal pressure points, and therefore a further increase in the relative contribution of the larger density-dependent airways to limitation of flow. 6. The fact that density-dependence was not altered after bronchodilators in the group B patients suggests that the site of limitation of flow did not change appreciably. The shift in the pressure—flow curve for the upstream airways was such that the computed resistance of these airways fell. Thus it appears that the airways comprising the upstream segment were dilated.

Spirometry and Maximal Expiratory Flow-Volume Curve Reference Standards for Polynesian, European, and Chinese Teenagers

CHEST Journal ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 792-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Françoise Neukirch ◽  
René Chansin ◽  
Renata Liard ◽  
Monique Levallois ◽  
Philippe Leproux
Keyword(s):  
Reference Standards ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Maximal Expiratory Flow ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Flow Volume Curve ◽  
Expiratory Flow

Quantifying the shape of the maximal expiratory flow–volume curve in mild COPD

2015 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo B. Dominelli ◽  
Glen E. Foster ◽  
Jordan A. Guenette ◽  
Hans C. Haverkamp ◽  
Neil D. Eves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Volume ◽  
Maximal Expiratory Flow ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Flow Volume Curve ◽  
Expiratory Flow
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