Effects of melanin on high- and low- linear energy transfer (LET) radiation response of human epithelial cells

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Grossi ◽  
M. Durante ◽  
G. Gialanella ◽  
M. Pugliese ◽  
I. Mosse
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Linear Energy Transfer ◽  
Radiation Response ◽  
Human Epithelial Cells

scholarly journals The Role of the Nuclear Factor κB Pathway in the Cellular Response to Low and High Linear Energy Transfer Radiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Hellweg ◽  
Luis Spitta ◽  
Kristina Koch ◽  
Arif Chishti ◽  
Bernd Henschenmacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Linear Energy Transfer ◽  
Heavy Ions ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Radiation Response ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Knock Down

Astronauts are exposed to considerable doses of space radiation during long-term space missions. As complete shielding of the highly energetic particles is impracticable, the cellular response to space-relevant radiation qualities has to be understood in order to develop countermeasures and to reduce radiation risk uncertainties. The transcription factor Nuclear Factor κB (NF-κB) plays a fundamental role in the immune response and in the pathogenesis of many diseases. We have previously shown that heavy ions with a linear energy transfer (LET) of 100–300 keV/µm have a nine times higher potential to activate NF-κB compared to low-LET X-rays. Here, chemical inhibitor studies using human embryonic kidney cells (HEK) showed that the DNA damage sensor Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and the proteasome were essential for NF-κB activation in response to X-rays and heavy ions. NF-κB’s role in cellular radiation response was determined by stable knock-down of the NF-κB subunit RelA. Transfection of a RelA short-hairpin RNA plasmid resulted in higher sensitivity towards X-rays, but not towards heavy ions. Reverse Transcriptase real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) showed that after exposure to X-rays and heavy ions, NF-κB predominantly upregulates genes involved in intercellular communication processes. This process is strictly NF-κB dependent as the response is completely absent in RelA knock-down cells. NF-κB’s role in the cellular radiation response depends on the radiation quality.

Unresectable Chondrosarcomas Treated With Carbon Ion Radiotherapy: Relationship Between Dose-averaged Linear Energy Transfer and Local Recurrence

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 6429-6435
Author(s):  
SHINNOSUKE MATSUMOTO ◽  
SUNG HYUN LEE ◽  
REIKO IMAI ◽  
TAKU INANIWA ◽  
NARUHIRO MATSUFUJI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Linear Energy Transfer ◽  
Carbon Ion Radiotherapy ◽  
Carbon Ion
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