Specific tau phosphorylation sites correlate with severity of neuronal cytopathology in Alzheimer's disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean C. Augustinack ◽  
Anja Schneider ◽  
Eva-Maria Mandelkow ◽  
Bradley T. Hyman
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Tau Phosphorylation ◽  
Phosphorylation Sites

scholarly journals “Don’t Phos Over Tau”: recent developments in clinical biomarkers and therapies targeting tau phosphorylation in Alzheimer’s disease and other tauopathies

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxing Xia ◽  
Stefan Prokop ◽  
Benoit I. Giasson
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Tau Phosphorylation ◽  
Phosphorylated Tau ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Tau Aggregation

AbstractPhosphorylation is one of the most prevalent post-translational modifications found in aggregated tau isolated from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patient brains. In tauopathies like AD, increased phosphorylation or hyperphosphorylation can contribute to microtubule dysfunction and is associated with tau aggregation. In this review, we provide an overview of the structure and functions of tau protein as well as the physiologic roles of tau phosphorylation. We also extensively survey tau phosphorylation sites identified in brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid from AD patients compared to age-matched healthy controls, which may serve as disease-specific biomarkers. Recently, new assays have been developed to measure minute amounts of specific forms of phosphorylated tau in both cerebrospinal fluid and plasma, which could potentially be useful for aiding clinical diagnosis and monitoring disease progression. Additionally, multiple therapies targeting phosphorylated tau are in various stages of clinical trials including kinase inhibitors, phosphatase activators, and tau immunotherapy. With promising early results, therapies that target phosphorylated tau  could be useful at slowing tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation in AD and other tauopathies.

Mediators of tau phosphorylation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1647-1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane P Hanger ◽  
Anjan Seereeram ◽  
Wendy Noble
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Tau Phosphorylation

Genipin Attenuates Tau Phosphorylation and Aβ Levels in Cellular Models of Alzheimer's Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiting Li ◽  
Nan Cai ◽  
Liang Gu ◽  
Lijun Yao ◽  
Decheng Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Tau Phosphorylation ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Aβ Generation ◽  
Aβ Production

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating brain disorder characterized by neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques. Inhibiting Tau protein and amyloid-beta (Aβ) production or removing these molecules are considered potential therapeutic strategies for AD. Genipin is an aglycone and is isolated from the extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruit. In this study, the effect and molecular mechanisms of genipin on the inhibition of Tau aggregation and Aβ generation were investigated. The results showed that genipin bound to Tau and protected against heparin-induced Tau fibril formation. Moreover, genipin suppressed Tau phosphorylation probably by downregulating the expression of CDK5 and GSK-3β, and activated mTOR-dependent autophagy via the SIRT1/LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway in Tau-overexpressing cells. In addition, genipin decreased Aβ production by inhibiting BACE1 expression through the PERK/eIF2α signaling pathway in N2a/SweAPP cells. These data indicated that genipin could effectively lead to a significant reduction of phosphorylated Tau level and Aβ generation in vitro, suggesting that genipin might be developed into an effective therapeutic complement or a potential nutraceutical for preventing AD.

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