Can local linear stochastic theory explain sea surface temperature and salinity variability?

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hall ◽  
S. Manabe
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Stochastic Theory ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Local Linear ◽  
Salinity Variability

scholarly journals Effects of Salinity Variability on Recent El Niño Events

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Zhi ◽  
Rong-Hua Zhang ◽  
Pengfei Lin ◽  
Shiwei Shi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Equatorial Pacific ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Salinity Variability ◽  
Central Equatorial Pacific

Ocean salinity variability provides a new way to study the evolution of the the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Comparisons between the salinity variation and related processes responsible for sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) were extensively examined for the two strong El Niño (EN) events in 1997/1998 and 2015/2016, and a special EN event in 2014/2015. The results show that the development of EN is significantly correlated with a sea surface salinity anomaly (SSSA) in the tropical western-central Pacific. In the spring of 1997 and 2015 with strong EN events, the western-central equatorial Pacific exhibited significant negative SSSA that propagated eastward to the west of the dateline. The negative SSSA induced increased barrier layer thickness (BLT) which enhanced sea surface temperature (SST) warming in the tropical central Pacific. In contrast, although a negative SSSA occurred during April of the 2014/2015 weak EN event in the western-central equatorial Pacific, this SSSA was mainly confined to between 160° E and 180° E without significant eastward movement, resulting in a weakened BLT thickening process and a weak modulation effect on SST. We also confirm that the surface forcing associated with fresh water flux (FWF: evaporation (E) minus precipitation (P)) plays a prominent role in the surface salinity tendency in the tropical Pacific during EN events. Moreover, the negative FWF anomaly leads a strong negative SSSA by two months. Compared with the two strong ENs, the early negative FWF anomaly in the weak 2014/2015 EN did not present distinct development and eastward propagation and weakened rapidly in the summer of 2015. We demonstrate that change in salinity can modulate the ENSO, and the variation of SSSA and associated physical processes in the tropical western-central Pacific and could be used as an indicator for predicting the development of ENSO.

scholarly journals Sea surface temperature and salinity variability at Bermuda during the end of the Little Ice Age

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie F. Goodkin ◽  
Konrad A. Hughen ◽  
William B. Curry ◽  
Scott C. Doney ◽  
Dorinda R. Ostermann
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Salinity Variability

Holocene sea surface temperature variations recorded in corals from Kikai Island, Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. e9-e14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroto Kajita ◽  
Atsuko Yamazaki ◽  
Takaaki Watanabe ◽  
Chung-Che Wu ◽  
Chuan-Chou Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Temperature Variations

PENENTUAN DAERAH POTENSIAL BUDIDAYA RUMPUT LAUT KAPPAPHYCUS ALVAREZII DI PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 929
Author(s):  
Marianus Filipe Logo ◽  
N M. R. R. Cahya Perbani ◽  
Bayu Priyono
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Kappaphycus Alvarezii ◽  
Sea Surface

Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) merupakan penghasil rumput laut kappaphycus alvarezii kedua terbesar di Indonesia berdasarkan data Badan Pusat Statistik (2016). Oleh karena itu diperlukan zonasi daerah potensial budidaya rumput laut kappaphycus alvarezii untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan daerah yang potensial untuk budidaya rumput laut kappaphycus alvarezii di Provinsi NTT berdasarkan parameter sea surface temperature (SST), salinitas, kedalaman, arus, dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrat, fosfat, klorofil-a, dan muara sungai. Penentuan kesesuaian lokasi budidaya dilakukan dengan memberikan bobot dan skor bagi setiap parameter untuk budidaya rumput laut kappaphycus alvarezii menggunakan sistem informasi geografis melalui overlay peta tematik setiap parameter. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa kadar nitrat, arus, kedalaman, dan lokasi muara sungai menjadi parameter penentu utama. Jarak maksimum dari bibir pantai adalah sekitar 10 km. Potensial budidaya rumput laut kappaphycus alvarezii ditemukan di Pulau Flores bagian barat, kepulauan di Kabupaten Flores Timur dan Alor, selatan Pulau Sumba, Pulau Rote, dan Teluk Kupang.

EXTREME VALUES OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE ASSOCIATED WITH LONG-PERIOD PHENOMENA OCCURRED DURING 1960-2015 IN THE COLOMBIAN PACIFIC OCEAN

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diaz Juan Navia ◽  
Diaz Juan Navia ◽  
Bolaños Nancy Villegas ◽  
Bolaños Nancy Villegas ◽  
Igor Malikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Arctic Oscillation Index ◽  
Colombian Pacific

Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (SSTA), in four coastal hydrographic stations of Colombian Pacific Ocean, were analyzed. The selected hydrographic stations were: Tumaco (1°48'N-78°45'W), Gorgona island (2°58'N-78°11'W), Solano Bay (6°13'N-77°24'W) and Malpelo island (4°0'N-81°36'W). SSTA time series for 1960-2015 were calculated from monthly Sea Surface Temperature obtained from International Comprehensive Ocean Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS). SSTA time series, Oceanic Nino Index (ONI), Pacific Decadal Oscillation index (PDO), Arctic Oscillation index (AO) and sunspots number (associated to solar activity), were compared. It was found that the SSTA absolute minimum has occurred in Tumaco (-3.93°C) in March 2009, in Gorgona (-3.71°C) in October 2007, in Solano Bay (-4.23°C) in April 2014 and Malpelo (-4.21°C) in December 2005. The SSTA absolute maximum was observed in Tumaco (3.45°C) in January 2002, in Gorgona (5.01°C) in July 1978, in Solano Bay (5.27°C) in March 1998 and Malpelo (3.64°C) in July 2015. A high correlation between SST and ONI in large part of study period, followed by a good correlation with PDO, was identified. The AO and SSTA have showed an inverse relationship in some periods. Solar Cycle has showed to be a modulator of behavior of SSTA in the selected stations. It was determined that extreme values of SST are related to the analyzed large scale oscillations.

On the relation between atmospheric CO2 and equatorial sea-surface temperature

Tellus B ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 171-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. Elliott ◽  
James K. Angell
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Atmospheric Co2
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