Response characteristics of neurons in the medial geniculate body of the little brown bat to simple and temporally-patterned sounds

1999 ◽  
Vol 184 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Llano ◽  
A. S. Feng
Keyword(s):  
Medial Geniculate Body ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Medial Geniculate ◽  
Little Brown Bat

scholarly journals Synaptic Properties of Thalamic Input to Layers 2/3 and 4 of Primary Somatosensory and Auditory Cortices

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela N. Viaene ◽  
Iraklis Petrof ◽  
S. Murray Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Medial Geniculate Body ◽  
Postsynaptic Neuron ◽  
Paired Pulse ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Medial Nucleus ◽  
Thalamic Stimulation ◽  
Thalamocortical Projections ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Medial Geniculate ◽  
Posterior Medial Nucleus

We studied the synaptic profile of thalamic inputs to cells in layers 2/3 and 4 of primary somatosensory (S1) and auditory (A1) cortices using thalamocortical slices from mice age postnatal days 10–18. Stimulation of the ventral posterior medial nucleus (VPM) or ventral division of the medial geniculate body (MGBv) resulted in two distinct classes of responses. The response of all layer 4 cells and a minority of layers 2/3 cells to thalamic stimulation was Class 1, including paired-pulse depression, all-or-none responses, and the absence of a metabotropic component. On the other hand, the majority of neurons in layers 2/3 showed a markedly different, Class 2 response to thalamic stimulation: paired-pulse facilitation, graded responses, and a metabotropic component. The Class 1 and Class 2 response characteristics have been previously seen in inputs to thalamus and have been described as drivers and modulators, respectively. Driver input constitutes a main information bearing pathway and determines the receptive field properties of the postsynaptic neuron, whereas modulator input influences the response properties of the postsynaptic neuron but is not a primary information bearing input. Because these thalamocortical projections have comparable properties to the drivers and modulators in thalamus, we suggest that a driver/modulator distinction may also apply to thalamocortical projections. In addition, our data suggest that thalamus is likely to be more than just a simple relay of information and may be directly modulating cortex.

Some response characteristics of cells of the magnocellular division of the medial geniculate body of the cat

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 881-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Love ◽  
John W. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Medial Geniculate Body ◽  
Posterior Region ◽  
Single Units ◽  
Anterior Region ◽  
Sodium Pentobarbital ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Extracellular Recordings ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Medial Geniculate ◽  
Somatosensory Stimuli

Extracellular recordings were made from single units in the magnocellular division of the medial geniculate body of the cat. The stimuli most frequently used were auditory clicks repeated at varying rates and intensities. Somatosensory stimuli were also used to reveal the presence of polysensory units. The response characteristics for most of the cells of the magnocellular division differed from those of the principal division under similar experimental conditions. A difference was noted between the responses obtained from animals which were anesthetized with chloralose and those anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital. It is suggested that the magnocellular division of the medial geniculate body may be divided into two regions, an anterior region which is primarily somatosensory in function and a posterior region which is primarily auditory in function.

Cell types and response properties of neurons in the ventral division of the medial geniculate body of the rabbit

2002 ◽  
Vol 445 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin S. Cetas ◽  
Robin O. Price ◽  
David S. Velenovsky ◽  
Jennifer J. Crowe ◽  
Donal G. Sinex ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medial Geniculate Body ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Response Properties ◽  
Medial Geniculate

MESENCEPHALIC AREAS CONTROLLING PULSATILE OXYTOCIN RELEASE IN THE SUCKLED RAT

1981 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. JUSS ◽  
J. B. WAKERLEY
Keyword(s):  
Medial Geniculate Body ◽  
Milk Ejection ◽  
Ventral Tegmentum ◽  
Irregular Pattern ◽  
Oxytocin Release ◽  
Medial Geniculate ◽  
Radiofrequency Lesions ◽  
Milk Ejection Reflex ◽  
Bilateral Lesions ◽  
And Control

Experiments were performed on anaesthetized lactating rats to investigate the effects of radiofrequency lesions of the mesencephalon on the milk-ejection reflex. In lesioned and control rats, intramammary pressure recordings were used to estimate oxytocin release (number and relative amplitude of the intermittent milk-ejection responses) during a 3-h suckling test with ten pups. Bilateral lesions (diameter 0·5–1·5 mm) of the lateral tegmentum (near the brachium of the inferior colliculus and medial geniculate body) seriously disrupted the milk-ejection reflex, reducing the number of rats ejecting milk (two out of ten v. all 12 controls, P<0·001) and the amount of oxytocin they released (1·35±0·35 (s.e.m.) v. 15·52±2·19 mu. for controls, P<0·05). Unilateral lesions of the lateral tegmentum also impaired milk ejection and, if the suckling stimulus was restricted only to the contralateral nipples, oxytocin release was virtually abolished. Bilateral lesions placed more medially in the intermediate tegmentum were far less disruptive (eight out of nine rats ejected milk), though the amount of oxytocin released in this group (8·64±1·88 mu.) was still significantly (P<0·05) lower than controls. All rats with lesions of the central grey (nine) or ventral tegmentum (eight) displayed reflex milk ejection, as did those with multiple lesions of the tectum, central grey and ventral tegmentum (seven); in these three groups the amounts of oxytocin released (13·88±2·68, 13·10±1·90 and 11·04±1·95 mu. respectively) did not differ significantly from controls. Damage to the ventral tegmentum produced an irregular pattern of milk ejection characterized by occasional abnormally short (<2 min) milk-ejection intervals, though the overall number of responses in 3 h was less than that of controls (20·83±1·82 v. 14·50±1·30 mu., P<0·05). In conclusion, these results delineate two mesencephalic areas of particular importance in the milk-ejection reflex: (a) the lateral tegmentum, which appears to be concerned with transmission of the suckling stimulus from the contralateral nipples and is indispensable for oxytocin release, and (b) the ventral tegmentum which, although not an essential component of the reflex, may contribute to the timing of the intermittent milk-ejection responses.

A neural model of medial geniculate body and auditory cortex detecting target distance independently of target velocity in echolocation

2000 ◽  
Vol 32-33 ◽  
pp. 833-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Inoue ◽  
Manabu Kimyou ◽  
Yoshiki Kashimori ◽  
Osamu Hoshino ◽  
Takeshi Kambara
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Medial Geniculate Body ◽  
Neural Model ◽  
Target Distance ◽  
Target Velocity ◽  
Medial Geniculate
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