Vector model analysis in nondestructive imaging by using the photothermal deflection methods

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kawahara ◽  
M. Miyazaki ◽  
A. Kimura ◽  
Y. Okamoto ◽  
J. Morimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Analysis ◽  
Vector Model ◽  
Nondestructive Imaging ◽  
Photothermal Deflection

Near-field scanning optical microscopy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 642-643
Author(s):  
E. Betzig ◽  
A. Harootunian ◽  
M. Isaacson ◽  
A. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Visible Radiation ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Optical Region ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Nondestructive Imaging ◽  
Scanning Optical Microscopy ◽  
Near Field Scanning

In general, conventional methods of optical imaging are limited in spatial resolution by either the wavelength of the radiation used or by the aberrations of the optical elements. This is true whether one uses a scanning probe or a fixed beam method. The reason for the wavelength limit of resolution is due to the far field methods of producing or detecting the radiation. If one resorts to restricting our probes to the near field optical region, then the possibility exists of obtaining spatial resolutions more than an order of magnitude smaller than the optical wavelength of the radiation used. In this paper, we will describe the principles underlying such "near field" imaging and present some preliminary results from a near field scanning optical microscope (NS0M) that uses visible radiation and is capable of resolutions comparable to an SEM. The advantage of such a technique is the possibility of completely nondestructive imaging in air at spatial resolutions of about 50nm.

Rasch Model Analysis of Alcohol Use and Problems in Adolescents and Young Adults

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina B. Hoeppner ◽  
Christopher W. Kahler ◽  
Kristina M. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Rasch Model ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults
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