MR imaging of the skin and nipple of the breast: differentiation between tumour recurrence and post-treatment change

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1651-1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gita Ralleigh ◽  
Amanda E. Walker ◽  
Margaret A. Hall-Craggs ◽  
Sunil R. Lakhani ◽  
Christobel Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Tumour Recurrence ◽  
Treatment Change ◽  
Breast Differentiation

Textiloma mimicking recurrent glioblastoma: A case report.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13044-e13044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Garciarena ◽  
Mark Daniel Anderson ◽  
Jackson Hamilton ◽  
Dawid Schellingerhout ◽  
Gregory N Fuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Cerebral Blood Volume ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Recurrent Glioblastoma ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Advanced Imaging ◽  
Treatment Change ◽  
Imaging Results

e13044 Background: Although uncommon, materials used for dissection or to achieve hemostasis during neurosurgical procedures can cause an inflammatory reaction called textiloma that can mimic recurrent tumor. We report a case where advanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging suggested tumor, further mimicking previous reports of clinical and conventional MR patterns of tumor progression. Methods: A 61 year-old woman underwent an initial resection of a temporal lobe glioblastoma, followed by conventional chemoradiation, although maintenance temozolomide was stopped secondary to myelotoxicity. A nodular enhancing mass near to the surgical cavity was noted 10 months after diagnosis, leading to further evaluation with advanced MR imaging. Results: Brain MRI with advanced imaging studies including MR Spectroscopy (MRS), and perfusion imaging by dynamic contract-enhanced (DCE), and dynamic contrast susceptibility (DSC) were performed. There was progressive enlargement of an enhancing nodule in the wall of the resection cavity. MRS demonstrated an elevated choline-to-creatine ratio (approximately 2:1), while the DSC imaging demonstrated a mild amount of leak with a corrected cerebral blood volume value of about 1.93, and negative enhancement integral value 1.67. DCE demonstrated mild vascularity and mild-to-moderate leak, with an elevated peak enhancement integral value of ~22%. These imaging findings suggested recurrent GBM rather than post-treatment change. The mass was resected. Pathologic review showed both textiloma and radiation necrosis. Recurrent glioblastoma was not identified. Conclusions: Although very unusual, textiloma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any growing mass lesion close to a surgical bed. Reparative granulomata show many of the hallmarks of cancer, including neovascularization, rapid growth and high lipid turnover, making it difficult to distinguish such lesions from true neoplasm, even with advanced imaging, without resorting to histology. Advanced imaging performs best in distinguishing conventional post-treatment change from tumor recurrence. This case highlights the major influence of surgical technique on postoperative imaging appearance.

scholarly journals The Contribution of Cognitive Impulsivity to Criminal Risk

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rebecca K. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Control ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Treatment Programme ◽  
Treatment Change ◽  
Anger Control ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Pre Treatment

<p>Impulsivity increases risk for general, violent and sexual offending. Accordingly, helping offenders to become better regulators of their impulses is one goal of offender rehabilitation. In a correctional setting, the assessment of impulsivity focuses on personality and behaviour, but not cognition; cognitive impulse control impairments are inferred from personality styles and behavioural patterns suggestive of acting before thinking. However, empirical findings challenge the validity of inferring cognition from personality and behavioural measures. Additionally, without assessing cognition, practitioners are limited in their ability to isolate which cognitive processes are most impaired and therefore worthy of intervention for individual offenders.  To establish the contribution of cognitive impulse control to criminal risk, a theoretically derived, empirically supported neurocognitive assessment framework was adopted. The framework is based on the notion that impulsive behaviour arises from three, potentially dissociable skill domains that support impulse control: decisionmaking, perceptual and motor impulse control. A cohort of 77 men attending intensive cognitive-behavioural rehabilitation was recruited from four of New Zealand’s prison-based Special Treatment Unit Rehabilitation Programmes (STURPs). A neurocognitive battery of five tasks collectively representing each cognitive impulse control domain was administered before and after the 8-month treatment programme.  Study One explored pre-treatment clinically impaired performance within and across each cognitive impulse control domain. Compared to normative data, performance was typically in the average to below average range, but it was not clinically impaired overall. When performance was clinically impaired, it was most pronounced on tasks requiring cognitive flexibility.  Study Two explored treatment change in cognitive impulse control. The study also compared pre-treatment cognitive impulse control between offenders who went on to complete the treatment programme and those who were prematurely removed for responsivity or conduct-related issues. No pre-treatment cognitive impulse control differences were found between treatment completers and non-completers. Treatment completers displayed small pre-post treatment improvements in some areas of cognitive impulse control, but not others.  Study Three explored cross-sectional and predictive relationships between cognitive impulse control, dynamic criminal risk, trait anger and anger control. Although there was little association between these variables before treatment, some cognitive impulse control outcomes predicted post-treatment dynamic criminal risk, trait anger and anger control. Thus, the evidence suggested that certain aspects of cognitive impulse control might function as facilitators of treatment change.  Together, the findings highlighted the importance of evaluating cognitive impulse control as part of the risk assessment, and clinical formulation process. The findings also suggested that interventions designed to develop cognitive impulse control abilities either before, or as a complement to traditional cognitive-behavioural interventions, have the potential to maximise treatment response.</p>

scholarly journals Blood derived treatment from two allogeneic sources for severe dry eye associated to keratopathy: a multicentre randomised cross over clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 1142-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio Campos ◽  
Piera Versura ◽  
Marina Buzzi ◽  
Luigi Fontana ◽  
Giuseppe Giannaccare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Subjective Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Change ◽  
Factor Content ◽  
Group A

AimTo compare the efficacy of cord blood and peripheral adult donor blood serum eyedrops, controlled for growth factor content, in the treatment of severe dry eye diseases (DED) resistant to conventional therapy.MethodsThis was a multicentre randomised, double-masked, cross-over clinical trial. Sixty patients diagnosed as severe DED, associated to persistent corneal epithelial defects were randomised and equally assigned to group A (treated with cord blood serum (CBS)) or group B (treated with PBS), eyedrops administered eight times/day for 1 month. Primary outcome was the pretreatment and post-treatment change in corneal fluorescein staining. Secondary outcomes included the pretreatment and post-treatment change in Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and Visual Analogue Score (VAS) of subjective symptoms, Schirmer I test, tear break-up time and conjunctival staining. Patients with relapse in signs or symptoms after further 2 months switched to the remaining group for one additional month. Data were statistically analysed (p<0.05).ResultsCorneal staining was more significantly reduced after the CBS treatment, both VAS and OSDI score reduction was observed in both groups, but group A reported significantly less grittiness and pain. Nineteen patients shifted in the crossover period, the within individual comparison confirmed a better recovery in the CBS treatment period. Reduction in epithelial damage was positively associated with epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factorα and platelet-derived growth factor content. Levels of interleukins (IL-13) were positively associated with symptom decrease.ConclusionsOverall, DED signs improved after both CBS and PBS treatments, with potential advantages of CBS for subjective symptoms and corneal damage reduction.Clinical trial registrationNCT03064984.

An Assessment of the Fit of a Parabolic Curve to Pre- and Post-Treatment Dental Arches

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Jones ◽  
S. Richmond
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Analysis Program ◽  
Treatment Change ◽  
Parabolic Curve ◽  
Analogue Method ◽  
Cast Analysis

Study casts of the teeth are routinely used for diagnosis and to assess treatment change: the crowding of the teeth or shortage of space available within the dental arch is usually assessed visually. A full cast analysis program has been developed previously, making use of the three-dimensional Reflex Plotter linked to a computer. This study examines the validity of the fit of computer generated parabolic curves to dental arches, as performed in the measurement of crowding. Using a visual analogue method it was found that the parabola appeared to fit lower post-treatment dental arches best. However, reservations regarding the fit of symmetrical curves are expressed and other solutions suggested.

Effectiveness of mycophenolate mofetil as first-line therapy in AQP4-IgG, MOG-IgG, and seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1377-1384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Montcuquet ◽  
Nicolas Collongues ◽  
Caroline Papeix ◽  
Helene Zephir ◽  
Bertrand Audoin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycophenolate Mofetil ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
Treatment Change ◽  
Good Tolerability ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Line Therapy ◽  
Pre Treatment

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and tolerance of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) as a first-line treatment in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Methods: In all, 67 NMOSD patients treated by MMF as first-line therapy, from the NOMADMUS cohort were included. A total of 65 fulfilled 2015 NMOSD criteria, and 5 were myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-immunoglobulin G (IgG) positive. Effectiveness was evaluated on percentage of patients continuing MMF, percentage of patients free of relapse, pre- and post-treatment change in the annualized relapse rate (ARR), and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Results: Among 67 patients, 40 (59.7%) continued treatment till last follow-up. A total of 33 (49.3%) were relapse-free. The median ARR decreased from one pre-treatment to zero post-treatment. Of 53 patients with complete EDSS data, the score improved or stabilized in 44 (83%; p < 0.05). Effectiveness was observed in aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG (57.8% continued treatment, 46.7% relapse-free), MOG-IgG (3/5 continued treatment, 4/5 relapse-free), and seronegative NMOSD (64.7% continued treatment, 61.3% relapse-free). In 16 patients with associated steroids, 13 (81.2%) continued MMF till last follow-up versus 15 of 28 (53.6%) in the non-steroid group. Nine patients discontinued treatment for tolerability purpose. Conclusion: MMF showed effectiveness and good tolerability as a first-line therapy in NMOSD, whatever the AQP4-IgG status. Concomitant use of oral steroids at start could limit the risk of treatment failure.

Tumor recurrence versus fibrosis in the irradiated breast: differentiation with dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging.

Radiology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 751-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
T H Dao ◽  
A Rahmouni ◽  
F Campana ◽  
M Laurent ◽  
B Asselain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Breast Differentiation

Imaging following thermal ablation of early lung cancers: expected post-treatment findings and tumour recurrence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Das ◽  
C. Barry ◽  
H. Schöder ◽  
J.C. Camacho ◽  
M.S. Ginsberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Ablation ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Tumour Recurrence ◽  
Lung Cancers

Post-treatment malignant liver lesions: MR imaging

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Braga ◽  
Richard C Semelka ◽  
Mônica S Pedro ◽  
Nestor de Barros
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Liver Lesions ◽  
Malignant Liver ◽  
Malignant Liver Lesions
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