Soil water distribution, uniformity and water-use efficiency under alternate furrow irrigation in arid areas

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Z. Kang ◽  
P. Shi ◽  
Y. H. Pan ◽  
Z. S. Liang ◽  
X. T. Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Distribution Uniformity ◽  
Alternate Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Soil Water Distribution

scholarly journals Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Maize at Selekleka District, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 127-135
Author(s):  
Ekubay Tesfay Gebreigziabher
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Alternate Furrow Irrigation

Irrigation water availability is diminishing in many areas of the Ethiopian regions, which require many irrigators to consider deficit-irrigation strategy. This study investigated the response of maize (Zea mays L.) to moisture deficit under conventional, alternate and fixed furrow irrigation systems combined with three irrigation amounts over a two years period. The field experiment was conducted at Selekleka Agricultural Research Farm of Shire-Maitsebri Agricultural Research Center. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used. Irrigation depth was monitored using a calibrated 2-inch throat Parshall flume. The effects of the treatments were evaluated in terms of grain yield, dry above-ground biomass, plant height, cob length and water use efficiency. The two years combined result indicated that  net irrigation water applied in alternate furrow irrigation with full amount irrigation depth (100% ETc AFI) treatments was half (3773.5 m3/ha) than that of applied to the conventional furrow with full irrigation amount (CFI with 100% ETc) treatments (7546.9 m3/ha). Despite the very significant reduction in irrigation water used with alternate furrow irrigation (AFI), there was insignificant grain yield reduction in maize(8.31%) as compared to control treatment (CFI with100% ETc). In addition, we also obtained significantly (p<0.001) higher crop water use efficiency of 1.889 kg/m3 in alternate furrow irrigation (AFI), than that was obtained as 0.988 kg/m3 in conventional furrow irrigation (CFI). In view of the results, alternate furrow irrigation method (AFI) is taken as promising for conservation of water (3773.5 m3/ha), time (23:22'50" hours/ha), labor (217.36 USD/ha) and fuel (303.79 USD/ha) for users diverting water from the source to their fields using pump without significant trade-off in yield.

scholarly journals Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Potato under Alternate Furrows and Deficit Irrigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Kassu Tadesse Kassaye ◽  
Wubengeda Admasu Yilma ◽  
Mehiret Hone Fisha ◽  
Dawit Habte Haile
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Alternate Furrow Irrigation

The benefits of water-saving techniques such as alternate furrow and deficit irrigations need to be explored to ensure food security for the ever-increasing population within the context of declining availability of irrigation water. In this regard, field experiments were conducted for 2 consecutive dry seasons in the semiarid region of southwestern Ethiopia and investigated the influence of alternate furrow irrigation method with different irrigation levels on the yield, yield components, water use efficiency, and profitability of potato production. The experiment comprised of 3 irrigation methods: (i) conventional furrow irrigation (CFI), (ii) alternate furrow irrigation (AFI), and (iii) fixed furrow irrigation (FFI) combined factorially with 3 irrigation regimes: (i) 100%, (ii) 75%, and (iii) 50% of the potato water requirement (ETC). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design replicated thrice. Results revealed that seasonal irrigation water applied in alternate furrows was nearly half (170 mm) of the amount supplied in every furrow (331 mm). Despite the half reduction in the total amount of water, tuber (35.68 t ha−1) and total biomass (44.37 t ha−1) yields of potato in AFI did not significantly differ from CFI (34.84 and 45.35 t ha−1, respectively). Thus, AFI improved WUE by 49% compared to CFI. Irrigating potato using 75% of ETC produced tuber yield of 35.01 t ha−1, which was equivalent with 100% of ETC (35.18 t ha−1). Irrigating alternate furrows using 25% less ETC provided the highest net return of US$74.72 for every unit investment on labor for irrigating potato. In conclusion, irrigating alternate furrows using up to 25% less ETC saved water, provided comparable yield, and enhanced WUE and economic benefit. Therefore, farmers and experts are recommended to make change to AFI with 25% deficit irrigation in the study area and other regions with limited water for potato production to improve economic, environmental, and social performance of their irrigated systems.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF IRRIGATION METHODS AND MAGNETIZATION OF WATER ON QUALITY OF SUNFLOWER AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahya & Abdul-Razaq
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Alternate Furrow Irrigation

This experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of Field Crop Department, College of Agriculture, university of Baghdad, during two spring seasons of 2012 and 2013 to study the response of quality characteristics of sunflower cultivar Akmar to the irrigation methods and water of magnetization technology and water use efficiency. The experiment was laid out as a split plot in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Four irrigation methods were used as main plots, [Farrow irrigation (I1), unfixed alternate furrow irrigation (I2), fixed alternate furrow irrigation (I3) and basin irrigation (I4)], while four levels of magnetized water (0, 1000, 2000 and 3000) Gauss were used as sub plot treatments. The results revealed that unfixed alternate furrow irrigation method could reduce irrigation water by 40 %, and it was irrigation water reduced from 425 to 255 mm per season in 2012th season and reduced from 364 to 234mm per season in 2013 season were an increment of water use efficiency (WUE) by 63.5% and 61.4% were accrued during growing seasons respectively in comparison with full irrigation treatment (I1). The Leaves potassium content decreased by14.4 to 5.8% for both seasons respectively. No significant effect was detected between I1 and I2 in qualitative traits except reduction in oil percentage as it reaches 6.3 to 8.8% in both seasons respectively. Results displayed a positive effect of using magnetized irrigation water on all measured traits. WUE increased by 45.1 to 56 %, nitrogen leaf content by 19.6 and 4.8% , phosphor leaves content by 35.1 and 41.7%, potassium leaves content by 20.7 and 10.8%, chlorophyll content by 4.5 to 7.6%, seed oil content by 5.0 to 5.6%. Interaction relations between experiment treatments were significant in some of studded traits.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF IRRIGATION METHODS AND MAGNETIZATION OF WATER ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SUNFLOWER AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahya & Abdul-Razaq
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Magnetized Water ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Alternate Furrow Irrigation

This experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of Field Crop Department, College of Agriculture, university of Baghdad, during two spring seasons of 2012 and 2013 to study the response of sunflower cultivar Akmar to irrigation methods, magnetized water technology on growth characteristics, yield and water use efficiency. The experiment was laid out as a split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications. Four irrigation methods were used as main plots, [farrow irrigation (I1), unfixed alternate furrow irrigation (I2), fixed alternate furrow irrigation (I3) and basin irrigation (I4)], while four levels of magnetized water (0, 1000, 2000 and 3000) Gauss were used as sub plot treatments. Results revealed that unfixed alternate furrow irrigation method (I2) did not increase the yield and growth of sunflower for both seasons but it reduces irrigation water by 40%. Yield reached 3.08 and 2.82 ton ha-1 in the two seasons respectively, were as irrigation water reduced from 425 to 255 mm per season in 2012 season and reduced from 364 to 234 mm per season in 2013th season were an increment of water use efficiency (WUE) by 63.5% and 61.4% during growing seasons respectively in comparison with full irrigation treatment (I1). Root dry weight was increased by 4.8 and 7.5%. Results displayed a positive effect of using magnetized irrigation water on all measured traits. Yield was increased by 44.0 to 43.0%, WUE increased by 45.1 to 56.0 %, root dry weight by 8.9 and 8.0%, plant height by 4.7 and 5.3%, number of leaves per plant increased by 7.8 to 4.3%, leaf area by 24.1 % to 25.8 %, stem diameter by 10.2 to 7.9% and total dry weight by 23.9 to 18.6% for both spring seasons of 2012 and 2013 respectively. Interaction relations between experiment treatments were significant in some of studded traits.

Irrigation management of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) in a semi-arid tropical environment. II. Effect of irrigation frequency on soil and plant water status and crop water use

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
AL Garside ◽  
RJ Lawn ◽  
RC Muchow ◽  
DE Byth
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Plant Water Status ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Crop Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Plant and soil water status, crop water use and water use efficiency, as affected by irrigation treatment, were monitored over two seasons for soybean cv. Ross, sown in the late wet season in the Ord Irrigation Area in north Western Australia. Irrigation treatments were, in both seasons, furrow irrigation after cumulative open pan evaporative losses of 30, 60 120 and 240 mm, and in the second year, an additional treatment, saturated soil culture (continuous furrow irrigation, analogous to irrigation after 0 mm pan evaporation). As expected, during periods of strong evaporative demand plant water status, as indicated by leaf water potential and leaf conductance of water vapour, was consistently greater in the more frequently irrigated treatments, while soil water depletion occurred to greater extent and depth in the less frequently irrigated treatments. However, total soil water use was directly proportional to crop growth, so that there was little evidence that water use efficiency was enhanced by restricting water supply in this environment. Indeed, efficiency of water use even under the continuous furrow irrigation system was comparable with that from other irrigation treatments. The responses are interpreted to imply that there is unlikely to be any economic advantage to the use of limited supplemental irrigation in this environment.

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