Nitrogen-removal with protease as a method to improve the selective delignification of hemp stemwood by the white-rot fungus Bjerkandera sp. strain BOS55

2001 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorado J. ◽  
Field J. ◽  
Almendros G. ◽  
Sierra-Alvarez R.
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Selective Delignification

scholarly journals Effect of Physisporinus vitreus on wood properties of Norway spruce. Part 2: Aspects of microtensile strength and chemical changes

Holzforschung ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lehringer ◽  
Bodo Saake ◽  
Vjekoslav Živković ◽  
Klaus Richter ◽  
Holger Militz
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Fungal Activity ◽  
Selective Delignification ◽  
Simultaneous Degradation

AbstractThe biotechnological application of the white rot fungusPhysisporinus vitreusnamed “bioincising” is currently being investigated for permeability improvement of Norway spruce (Picea abies(L.) Karst.) wood. During short-term (<9 weeks) incubation, fungal activity induces degradation of pit membranes and a simultaneous alteration of the tracheid cell wall structure. In Part 1 of this article series, the occurrence of selective delignification and simultaneous degradation was shown by UV-microspectrophotometry (UMSP). Moreover, significant reduction of Brinell hardness was recorded after 7 and 9 weeks incubation. For a better understanding of the chemical alterations in the wood constituents and the corresponding changes of mechanical properties due to fungal activity, we applied microtensile tests on thin strips that were prepared from the surface of incubated Norway spruce wood. Indications for the occurrence of selective delignification and simultaneous degradation were evident. Determination of lignin content and carbohydrate analysis by borate anion exchange chromatography confirmed the results. The present study verifies the findings from Part 1 of this article series and from previously conducted microscopic investigations. Now, the degradation characteristics ofP. vitreusare established and the bioincising process can be further optimized with higher reliability.

Characterization of Schinopsis Haenkeana wood Decayed by Phellinus Chaquensis (Basidiomycota, Hymenochaetales)

IAWA Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Luján Luna ◽  
Mónica A. Murace ◽  
Gerardo L. Robledo ◽  
Mario C. N. Saparrat
Keyword(s):  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Host Pathogen Interaction ◽  
Chaco Serrano ◽  
Selective Delignification ◽  
Degraded Material ◽  
Decay Tests ◽  
Simultaneous Decay

Schinopsis haenkeana is a native tree to the Chaco Serrano Forests in Argentina. The white-rot fungus Phellinus chaquensis degrades its wood, causing a whiterot type of decay. The objective of this study was to investigate the structural alterations caused by P. chaquensis in S. hankeana decayed naturally and in vitro. Sound living branches with decay and basidiocarps of P. chaquensis were sampled from the field and in vitro decay tests were performed according to the ASTM D-2017-81 standard method. Naturally decayed branches exhibited an innermost discolored zone with white-rot decay and an outer yellowish-white portion of sound sapwood. Using LM and SEM, degraded tissue displayed diagnostic characters of selective delignification and simultaneous decay. Findings indicate that P. chaquensis causes a mottled pattern of decay (selective delignification plus simultaneous decay) in S. haenkeana wood. Other features such as accumulation of extractives, profuse deposition of crystals and tyloses, typical ofSchinopsis spp. heartwood, were additionally observed. In laboratory degraded material, signs of selective delignification and incipient stages of simultaneous decay were noticeable only microscopically. Chemical analysis revealed an oxidative alteration of aromatic moieties in naturally decayed samples which might be related to the accumulation of phenols as a response to fungal attack when compared to sound samples. Naturally degraded sapwood exhibits anatomical and chemical modifications that indicate the development of discolored wood derived from the host-pathogen interaction.

Anatomical Study of the Decay Caused by the White-Rot Fungus Trametes Trogii (Aphyllophorales) in Wood of Salix and Populus

IAWA Journal ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Leviu ◽  
María Agueda Castro
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Study ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Selective Delignification ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Simultaneous Decay ◽  
Trametes Trogii

Different stages of decay caused in vitro by Trametes trogii in Salix sp. and Populus sp. wood are described. Anatomical features are reported in three stages of this process. Decay progressed in a different pattern in both species studied. In Populus sp. T. trogii caused a combination of selective delignification and simultaneous decay within the same substrate. In advanced stages wood blocks exhibited large empty holes and a spongy structure. In Salix sp. a simultaneous white-rot decay took place. Only vessels remained and the residual white-rotted wood developed a stringy appearance.

Effect of Neem Oil (Azadirachtin) Against White Rot Fungus (Polyporous Versicolor) in Wood Plastic Particle Board

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-21
Author(s):  
A.Sangeetha A.Sangeetha ◽  
◽  
K.Thanigai K.Thanigai ◽  
Narasimhamurthy Narasimhamurthy ◽  
S.K.Nath S.K.Nath
Keyword(s):  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Particle Board ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Plastic Particle

Effects of White Rot Fungus Physisporinus sp., Isolated in Japan, on Styrene-butadiene Rubber

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 289-292
Author(s):  
Yumi SHIMIZU ◽  
Shuma SATHO ◽  
Taro NAKAJIMA ◽  
Hiroaki KOUZAI ◽  
Kiminori SHIMIZU
Keyword(s):  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Synergistic Methodology Based on Ion Exchange and Biodegradation Mechanisms Applied for Metal Complex Dye Removal from Waste Waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Mirela Marin ◽  
Olga Tiron ◽  
Luoana Florentina Pascu ◽  
Mihaela Costache ◽  
Mihai Nita Lazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Basic Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Km Value ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Basic Anion

This study investigates the synergistic effects of ion exchange and biodegradation methods to remove the Acid Blue 193 also called Gryfalan Navy Blue RL (GNB) dye from wastewater. Ion exchange studies were performed using a strongly basic anion exchange resin Amberlite IRA 400. The equilibrium was characterized by a kinetic and thermodynamic points of view, establishing that the sorption of the GNB dye was subject to the Freundlich isotherm model with R2 = 0.8710. Experimental results showed that the activated resin can removed up to 93.4% when the concentration of dye solution is 5.62�10-2 mM. The biodegradation of the GNB was induced by laccase, an enzyme isolated from white-rot fungus. It was also analyzed the role of pH and dye concentration on GNB biodegradation, so 5�10-2 mM dye had a maximum discoloration efficiency of 82.9% at pH of 4. The laccase showed a very fast and robust activity reaching in a few minutes a Km value of 2.2�10-1mM. In addition, increasing the GNB concentration up to 8�10-1 mM did not triggered a substrat inhibition effect on the laccase activity. Overall, in this study we proposed a mixt physicochemical and biological approach to enhance the GNB removal and biodegradability from the wastewaters and subsequently the environment.

The Onset of Lignin-Modifying Enzymes, Decrease of AOX and Color Removal by White-Rot Fungi Grown on Bleach Plant Effluents

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Lankinen ◽  
M. M. Inkeröinen ◽  
J. Pellinen ◽  
A. I. Hatakka
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Peroxidase ◽  
Active Form ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Color Removal ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Lignin Peroxidases ◽  
Pulp Mill Effluents

Decrease of adsorbable organic chlorine (AOX) is becoming the most important criterion for the efficiency of pulp mill effluent treatment in the 1990s. Two methods, designated MYCOR and MYCOPOR which utilize the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium have earlier been developed for the color removal of pulp mill effluents, but the processes have also a capacity to decrease the amount of chlorinated organic compounds. Lignin peroxidases (ligninases) produced by P. chrvsosporium may dechlorinate chlorinated phenols. In this work possibilities to use selected white-rot fungi in the treatment of E1-stage bleach plant effluent were studied. Phlebia radiata. Phanerochaete chrvsosporium and Merulius (Phlebia) tremellosus were compared in shake flasks for their ability to produce laccase, lignin peroxidase(s) and manganese-dependent peroxidase(s) and to remove color from a medium containing effluent. Softwood bleaching effluents were treated by carrier-immobilized P. radiata in 2 1 bioreactors and a 10 1 BiostatR -fermentor. Dechlorination was followed using Cl ion and AOX determinations. All fungi removed the color of the effluent. In P. radiata cultivations AOX decrease was ca. 4 mg l−1 in one day. Apparent lignin peroxidase activities as determined by veratryl alcohol oxidation method were negligible or zero in a medium with AOX content of ca. 60 mg l−1, prepared using about 20 % (v/v) of softwood effluent. However, the purification of extracellular enzymes implied that large amounts of lignin peroxidases were present in the medium and, after the purification, in active form. Enzyme proteins were separated using anion exchange chromatography, and they were further characterized by electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) to reveal the kind of enzymes that were present during AOX decrease and color removal. The most characteristic lignin peroxidase isoenzymes in effluent media were LiP2 and LiP3.

Environmental implications of the organic matter structure for white-rot fungus Pleurotus eryngii growth in a tropical climate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaina Louzada dos Santos ◽  
Orlando Carlos Huertas Tavares ◽  
Samuel de Abreu Lopes ◽  
Sael Sánchez Elias ◽  
Ricardo Luiz Louro Berbara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Pleurotus Eryngii ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Environmental Implications
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