Impossibility of multiple steady states in a family of active membrane transport models

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-262
Author(s):  
Hsing-Ya Li
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Transport ◽  
Steady States ◽  
Multiple Steady States ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Active Membrane

Determination of Multiple Steady States in an Active Membrane Transport Model

1999 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsing-Ya Li
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Transport ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Steady States ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Multiple Steady States ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Condition ◽  
Active Membrane ◽  
Positive Steady States ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

A necessary and sufficient condition is applied to determine the possibility of multiple positive steady states in a complex, active membrane transport model with a cycle, which is performed by pump pro-teins coupled to a source of metabolic energy. A set of rate constants and two corresponding steady states are computed. Hysteresis phenomena are observed. A signature of multiplicity is derived, which can be applied in mechanism identifications if steady-state concentrations for some species are measured. The bifurcation of multiple steady states is also displayed.

POVERTY TRAPS AND INFERIOR GOODS IN A DYNAMIC HECKSCHER–OHLIN MODEL

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1227-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric W. Bond ◽  
Kazumichi Iwasa ◽  
Kazuo Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Steady State ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Steady States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Poverty Traps ◽  
Poverty Trap ◽  
Multiple Steady States ◽  
The World ◽  
State Capital

We extend the dynamic Heckscher–Ohlin model in Bond et al. [Economic Theory(48, 171–204, 2011)] and show that if the labor-intensive good is inferior, then there may exist multiple steady states in autarky and poverty traps can arise. Poverty traps for the world economy, in the form of Pareto-dominated steady states, are also shown to exist. We show that the opening of trade can have the effect of pulling the initially poorer country out of a poverty trap, with both countries having steady state capital stocks exceeding the autarky level. However, trade can also pull an initially richer country into a poverty trap. These possibilities are a sharp contrast with dynamic Heckscher–Ohlin models with normality in consumption, where the country with the larger (smaller) capital stock than the other will reach a steady state where the level of welfare is higher (lower) than in the autarkic steady state.

50 Multiple steady states in electrochemical reactors

1980 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 396-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
George P. Sakellaropoulos ◽  
Brian G. Volintine
Keyword(s):  
Steady States ◽  
Multiple Steady States ◽  
Electrochemical Reactors

scholarly journals Intensification of Reactive Distillation for TAME Synthesis Based on the Analysis of Multiple Steady-State Conditions

Processes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiro Yamaki ◽  
Keigo Matsuda ◽  
Duangkamol Na-Ranong ◽  
Hideyuki Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Reactive Distillation ◽  
Steady States ◽  
Vapor Flow ◽  
Multiple Steady States ◽  
Reflux Ratio ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Reaction Conversion ◽  
Reaction Performance ◽  
Separation Performances

Our previous study reported that operation in multiple steady states contributes to an improvement in reaction conversion, making it possible to reduce the energy consumption of the reactive distillation process for tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) synthesis. This study clarified the factors responsible for an improvement in the reaction conversion for operation in the multiple steady states of the reactive distillation column used in TAME synthesis. The column profiles for those conditions, in which multiple steady states existed and those in which they did not exist, were compared. The vapor and liquid flow rates with the multiple steady states were larger than those when the multiple steady states did not exist. The effect of the duty of the intermediate condenser, which was introduced at the top of the reactive section, on the liquid flow rate for a reflux ratio of 1 was examined. The amount of TAME production increased from 55.2 to 72.1 kmol/h when the intermediate condenser was operated at 0 to −5 MW. Furthermore, the effect of the intermediate reboiler duty on the reaction performance was evaluated. The results revealed that the liquid and vapor flow rates influenced the reaction and separation performances, respectively.

The NO + CO reaction on clean Pt(lOO): Multiple steady states and oscillations

1988 ◽  
Vol 206 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 169-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Schwartz ◽  
L.D. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Steady States ◽  
Multiple Steady States
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