Catabolic Gene Probe Analysis of an Aquifer Microbial Community Degrading Creosote-Related Polycyclic Aromatic and Heterocyclic Compounds

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. Hosein ◽  
D. Millette ◽  
B.J. Butler ◽  
C.W. Greer
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Gene Probe ◽  
Catabolic Gene ◽  
Probe Analysis ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Changes in Microbial Community Composition and Function during a Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon Phytoremediation Field Trial

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Siciliano ◽  
James J. Germida ◽  
Kathy Banks ◽  
Charles W. Greer
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Hydrocarbon Degradation ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Catabolic Gene ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Catabolic Genes ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which phytoremediation systems promote hydrocarbon degradation in soil. The composition and degradation capacity of the bulk soil microbial community during the phytoremediation of soil contaminated with aged hydrocarbons was assessed. In the bulk soil, the level of catabolic genes involved in hydrocarbon degradation (ndoB, alkB, and xylE) as well as the mineralization of hexadecane and phenanthrene was higher in planted treatment cells than in treatment cells with no plants. There was no detectable shift in the 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) composition of the bulk soil community between treatments, but there were plant-specific and -selective effects on specific catabolic gene prevalence. Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea) increased the prevalence of ndoB, alkB, and xylE as well as naphthalene mineralization in rhizosphere soil compared to that in bulk soil. In contrast, Rose Clover (Trifolium hirtum) decreased catabolic gene prevalence and naphthalene mineralization in rhizosphere soil. The results demonstrated that phytoremediation systems increase the catabolic potential of rhizosphere soil by altering the functional composition of the microbial community. This change in composition was not detectable by 16S rDNA but was linked to specific functional genotypes with relevance to petroleum hydrocarbon degradation.

scholarly journals The Most Important Methods for Depollution of Hydrocarbons Polluted Soils

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura DOBOS ◽  
Carmen PUIA
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Naphthenic Acids ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Crude oil is a highly complex mixture of hydrocarbons amounting to hundreds of individual compounds with different chemical structure and molecular weight plus a series of lower molecular weight compounds other than hydrocarbons (phenols, thiols, naphthenic acids, heterocyclic compounds with N (pyridines, pyrrole, indole, s.o.) compounds S (alkyl thiols, thiophene, etc.) (Zarnea, 1994). Mineral oil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) creates larger environmental problems. They are considered particularly dangerous. In this regard, EPA Agency from U.S.A. includes a number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons under 16 priority pollutants, which require special attention. IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) has identified 15 types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons including six of the 16 types of PAHs, identifiable by the USEPA as having carcinogenic properties (Chauhan Archana et al., 2008).

Isolation and Characterization of aMycobacterium Species Capable of Degrading Three- and Four-Ring Aromatic and Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 549-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon A. Churchill ◽  
Jennifer P. Harper ◽  
Perry F. Churchill
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Gene Probe ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
16S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Dioxygenase Gene ◽  
Pah Metabolism

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium sp. strain CH1 was isolated from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated freshwater sediments and identified by analysis of 16S rDNA sequences. Strain CH1 was capable of mineralizing three- and four-ring PAHs including phenanthrene, pyrene, and fluoranthene. In addition, strain CH1 could utilize phenanthrene or pyrene as a sole carbon and energy source. A lag phase of at least 3 days was observed during pyrene mineralization. This lag phase decreased to less than 1 day when strain CH1 was grown in the presence of phenanthrene or fluoranthene. Strain CH1 also was capable of using a wide range of alkanes as sole carbon and energy sources. No DNA hybridization was detected with the nahAcgene probe, indicating that enzymes involved in PAH metabolism are not related to the well-characterized naphthalene dioxygenase gene. DNA hybridization was not detected when the alkB gene fromPseudomonas oleovorans was used under high-stringency conditions. However, there was slight but detectable hybridization under low-stringency conditions. This suggests a distant relationship between genes involved in alkane oxidation.

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