Role of bacteria in larval settlement and metamorphosis of the polychaete Hydroides elegans

1999 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. C. Unabia ◽  
M. G. Hadfield
Keyword(s):  
Larval Settlement ◽  
Hydroides Elegans ◽  
Settlement And Metamorphosis

scholarly journals The natural sequence of events in larval settlement and metamorphosis of Hydroides elegans (Polychaeta; Serpulidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Hadfield ◽  
Marnie L. Freckelton ◽  
Brian T. Nedved
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Larval Settlement ◽  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Hydroides Elegans ◽  
Bacterial Extract ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Settlement And Metamorphosis

The broadly distributed serpulid worm Hydroides elegans has become a model organism for studies of marine biofouling, development and the processes of larval settlement and metamorphosis induced by surface microbial films. Contrasting descriptions of the initial events of these recruitment processes, whether settlement is induced by (1) natural multi-species biofilms, (2) biofilms composed of single bacterial species known to induce settlement, or (3) a bacterial extract stimulated the research described here. We found that settlement induced by natural biofilms or biofilms formed by the bacterium Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea is invariably initiated by attachment and secretion of an adherent and larva-enveloping primary tube, followed by loss of motile cilia and ciliated cells and morphogenesis. The bacterial extract containing complex tailocin arrays derived from an assemblage of phage genes incorporated into the bacterial genome appears to induce settlement events by destruction of larval cilia and ciliated cells, followed by attachment and primary-tube formation. Similar destruction occurred when precompetent larvae and larvae of a nudibranch gastropod were exposed to the extract, neither of which metamorphosed. We further argue that larvae that lose their cilia before attachment would be swept away from the sites that stimulated settlement by the turbulent flow characteristic of most marine habitats.

scholarly journals The natural sequence of events in larval settlement and metamorphosis of Hydroides elegans (Polychaeta; Serpulidae)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0249692
Author(s):  
Michael G. Hadfield ◽  
Marnie L. Freckelton ◽  
Brian T. Nedved
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Larval Settlement ◽  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Hydroides Elegans ◽  
Bacterial Extract ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Settlement And Metamorphosis

The broadly distributed serpulid worm Hydroides elegans has become a model organism for studies of marine biofouling, development and the processes of larval settlement and metamorphosis induced by surface microbial films. Contrasting descriptions of the initial events of these recruitment processes, whether settlement is induced by (1) natural multi-species biofilms, (2) biofilms composed of single bacterial species known to induce settlement, or (3) a bacterial extract stimulated the research described here. We found that settlement induced by natural biofilms or biofilms formed by the bacterium Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea is invariably initiated by attachment and secretion of an adherent and larva-enveloping primary tube, followed by loss of motile cilia and ciliated cells and morphogenesis. The bacterial extract containing complex tailocin arrays derived from an assemblage of phage genes incorporated into the bacterial genome appears to induce settlement events by destruction of larval cilia and ciliated cells, followed by attachment and primary-tube formation. Similar destruction occurred when precompetent larvae of H. elegans or larvae of a nudibranch gastropod were exposed to the extract, although neither of them metamorphosed. We argue that larvae that lose their cilia before attachment would be swept away from the sites that stimulated settlement by the turbulent flow characteristic of most marine habitats.

Formation and Function of the Primary Tube During Settlement and Metamorphosis of the Marine Polychaete Hydroides elegans (Haswell, 1883) (Serpulidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 240 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-94
Author(s):  
Megan J. Huggett ◽  
Eugenio J. Carpizo-Ituarte ◽  
Brian T. Nedved ◽  
Michael G. Hadfield
Keyword(s):  
Hydroides Elegans ◽  
Settlement And Metamorphosis ◽  
Marine Polychaete ◽  
And Function

Calcified macroalgae and their bacterial community in relation to larval settlement and metamorphosis of reef-building coral Pocillopora damicornis

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangfang Yang ◽  
Jiahao Mo ◽  
Zhangliang Wei ◽  
Lijuan Long
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Larval Settlement ◽  
Pocillopora Damicornis ◽  
Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽  
Principal Coordinates ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Settlement And Metamorphosis ◽  
Invertebrate Larvae

ABSTRACT Calcified macroalgae play an important role in the settlement and metamorphosis of invertebrate larvae in coral reef ecosystems. However, little is known about the algal-associated bacterial communities and their effects on larval settlement. In this study, the responses of larvae of the coral Pocillopora damicornis to calcified algae (Porolithon onkodes, Halimeda cylindracea, Halimeda opuntia and Amphiroa fragilissima) were evaluated. The results revealed that Por. onkodes and H. cylindracea significantly enhanced the rates of settlement and metamorphosis, whereas fewer larvae settled on Am. fragilissima and H. opuntia. Amplicon pyrosequencing of the V3–V4 region of 16S rDNA was applied to investigate the relationship between algal bacterial community and larval settlement. Principal coordinates analysis demonstrated that the bacterial community composition of H. opuntia was more similar to that of Am. fragilissima, but clearly distinct from those of H. cylindracea and Por. onkodes. Furthermore, the relative abundances of bacteria were highly diverse among different algae. H. opuntia had higher percentages of Thalassobius, Pelagibius and SM1A02, whereas the abundances of Mycoplasma and Suttonella were significantly higher in H. cylindracea than other algae. Our results showed that larval settlement/metamorphosis was strongly correlated with the bacterial community composition and with the relative abundance of a few operational taxonomic units.

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