Reproductive biology of a filter-feeding amphipod, Leptocheirus pinguis  , with extended parental care

1997 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Filter Feeding ◽  
Extended Parental Care

scholarly journals Aggregations and parental care in the Early Triassic basal cynodontsGalesaurus planicepsandThrinaxodon liorhinus

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e2875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra C. Jasinoski ◽  
Fernando Abdala
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Extensive Survey ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Extinct Group ◽  
Mixed Age

Non-mammaliaform cynodonts gave rise to mammals but the reproductive biology of this extinct group is still poorly known. Two exceptional fossils ofGalesaurus planicepsandThrinaxodon liorhinus, consisting of juveniles closely associated with an adult, were briefly described more than 50 years ago as examples of parental care in non-mammaliaform cynodonts. However, these two Early Triassic fossils have largely been excluded from recent discussions of parental care in the fossil record. Here we re-analyse these fossils in the context of an extensive survey of other aggregations found in these two basal cynodont taxa. Our analysis revealed six other unequivocal cases of aggregations inThrinaxodon, with examples of same-age aggregations among immature or adult individuals as well as mixed-age aggregations between subadult and adult individuals. In contrast, only one additional aggregation ofGalesauruswas identified. Taking this comprehensive survey into account, the two previously described cases of parental care inGalesaurusandThrinaxodonare substantiated. The juveniles are the smallest specimens known for each taxon, and the size difference between the adult and the two associated juveniles is the largest found for any of the aggregations. The juveniles ofThrinaxodonare approximately only 37% of the associated adult size; whereas inGalesaurus, the young are at least 60% of the associated adult size. In each case, the two juvenile individuals are similar in size, suggesting they were from the same clutch. Even though parental care was present in bothGalesaurusandThrinaxodon, intraspecific aggregations were much more common inThrinaxodon, suggesting it regularly lived in aggregations consisting of both similar and different aged individuals.

scholarly journals Anamorphic development and extended parental care in a 520 million-year-old stem-group euarthropod from China

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongjing Fu ◽  
Javier Ortega-Hernández ◽  
Allison C Daley ◽  
Xingliang Zhang ◽  
Degan Shu
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Stem Group ◽  
Extended Parental Care ◽  
Anamorphic Development

Extended parental care in two endobenthic amphipods

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 713-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Thiel ◽  
S. Sampson ◽  
L. Watling
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Extended Parental Care

scholarly journals Selfish mothers? An empirical test of parent-offspring conflict over extended parental care

2014 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manabi Paul ◽  
Sreejani Sen Majumder ◽  
Anindita Bhadra
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Extended Parental Care
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